SALE, The Law of. [[BAIʿ].]
ṢALĪB (صليب). “A crucifix; a cross.” [[CROSS].]
ṢĀLIḤ (صالح). A prophet mentioned in the Qurʾān ([Sūrah vii. 71]), who was sent to the tribes ʿĀd and S̤amūd. Al-Baiẓāwī says he was the son of ʿUbaid, the son of Asaf, the son of Māsih, the son of ʿUbaid, the son of Ḥāẕir, the son of S̤amūd. Bochart thinks he must be the Pileg of [Genesis xi. 16]. D’Herbelot makes him the Salah of [Genesis xi. 13].
The following is the account of him in the Qurʾān, with the commentators’ remarks in italics (see Lane’s Selections, 2nd ed., by Mr. Stanley Lane Poole):—
“And We sent unto the tribe of Thamood their brother Ṣáliḥ. He said, O my people, worship God. Ye have no other deity than Him. A miraculous proof of my veracity hath come unto you from your Lord, this she-camel of God being a sign unto you. [He had caused her, at their demand, to come forth from the heart of a rock.] Therefore let her feed in God’s earth, and do her no harm, lest a painful punishment seize you. And remember how He hath appointed you vicegerents in the earth after [the tribe of] ʾA′d, and given you a habitation in the earth: ye make yourselves, on its plains, pavilions wherein ye dwell in summer, and cut the mountains into houses wherein ye dwell in winter. Remember then the benefits of God, and do not evil in the earth, acting corruptly.—The chiefs who were elated with pride, among his people, said unto those who were esteemed weak, namely, to those who had believed among them, Do ye know that Ṣáliḥ hath been sent unto this? And they hamstrung the she-camel (Ḳudár [the son of Sálif] doing so by their order and slaying her with the sword); and they impiously transgressed the command of their Lord, and said, O Ṣáliḥ, bring upon us that punishment with which thou threatenest us for killing her, if thou be [one] of the apostles. And the violent convulsion (a great earthquake, and a cry from heaven) assailed them, and in the morning they were in their dwellings prostrate and dead. So he turned away from them, and said, O my people, I have brought unto you the message of my Lord and given you faithful counsel; but ye loved not faithful counsellors.” ([Sūrah vii. 71–77].)
SĀLIK (سالك). Lit. “A traveller.” A term used by the mystics for a devotee, or one who has started on the heavenly journey. [[SUFI].]
SALSABĪL (سلسبيل). Lit. “The softly flowing.” A fountain in Paradise, mentioned in the Qurʾān in [Sūrah lxxvi. 19], and from which the Muslims in heaven are said to drink. “A spring therein named Salsabīl, and there shall go round about them immortal boys.”
SALUTATIONS. Arabic as-salām (السلام), “peace.” Taslīm (تسليم), Heb. שָׁלוֹם shalom, the act of giving the prayer of peace; pl. taslīmāt. The duty of giving and returning a salutation is founded on express injunctions in the Qurʾān.
[Sūrah xxiv. 61]: “When ye enter houses, then greet each other with a salutation from God, the Blessed and the Good.”
[Sūrah iv. 88]: “When ye are saluted with a salutation, salute ye with a better than it, or return the same salutation.”