[31] See an interesting little book on this subject by M. Ed. de la Quérière, entitled “Recherches sur les Enseignes des Maisons Particulières,” 8vo., Rouen, 1852, from which both the above examples are taken.
[32] See my “Popular Treatises on Science written during the Middle Ages,” p. 107.
[33] Alexander Neckam, De Naturis Rerum, lib. ii. c. 129.
[34] See Girald. Cambr., Topog. Hiberniæ, dist. ii. cc. 21, 22; and the Itinerary of Wales, lib. ii. c. 11.
[35] “Uti me consuesse tragœdi syrmate, histrionis crotalone ad trieterica orgia, aut mimi centunculo.”—Apuleius, Apolog.
[36] See before, [p. 41] of the present volume.
[37] See examples of these illuminations in my “History of Domestic Manners and Sentiments,” pp. 34, 35, 37, 65.
[38] People in the middle ages were so fully conscious of the identity of the mediæval jougleur with the Roman mimus, that the Latin writers often use mimus to signify a jougleur, and the one is interpreted by the others in the vocabularies. Thus, in Latin-English vocabularies of the fifteenth century, we have—
Hic joculator,
Hic mimus, } Anglice jogulour.
[39] In a volume entitled “Lateinische Gedichte des x. und xi. Jh.” 8vo. Göttingen, 1838.