_#_Maritime claims: none—landlocked
_#_Climate: desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
_#_Terrain: vast semidesert and desert plains; mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in southeast
_#_Natural resources: oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, wolfram, fluorspar, gold
_#_Land use: arable land 1%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 79%; forest and woodland 10%; other 10%; includes irrigated NEGL%
_#_Environment: harsh and rugged
_#_Note: landlocked; strategic location between China and Soviet Union
_*People #_Population: 2,247,068 (July 1991), growth rate 2.7% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 34 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)