:Tajikistan Geography
Total area:
143,100 km2
Land area:
142,700 km2
Comparative area:
slightly smaller than Wisconsin
Land boundaries:
3,651 km total; Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km,
Uzbekistan 1,161 km
Coastline:
none - landlocked
Maritime claims:
none - landlocked
Disputes:
boundary with China under dispute
Climate:
midlatitude semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
Terrain:
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in
north, Kafirnigan and Vakhsh Valleys in southeast
Natural resources:
significant hydropower potential, petroleum, uranium, mercury, small
production of petroleum, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten
Land use:
6% arable land; NA% permanent crops; NA% meadows and pastures; NA% forest
and woodland; NA% other; includes NA% irrigated
Environment:
NA
Note:
landlocked
:Tajikistan People
Population:
5,680,242 (July 1992), growth rate 3.0% (1992)
Birth rate:
40 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
8 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
-1 migrant/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
74 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
64 years male, 70 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
5.3 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
noun - Tajik(s); adjective - Tajik
Ethnic divisions:
Tajik 62%, Uzbek 24%, Russian 8%, Tatar 2%, other 4%
Religions:
Sunni Muslim approximately 80%, Shi`a Muslim 5%
Languages:
Tajik (official) NA%
Literacy:
NA% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write
Labor force:
1,938,000; agriculture and forestry 43%, industry and construction 22%,
other 35% (1990)
Organized labor:
NA
:Tajikistan Government
Long-form name:
Republic of Tajikistan
Type:
republic
Capital:
Dushanbe
Administrative divisions:
3 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast') and one autonomous oblast*;
Gorno-Badakhshan*; Kurgan-Tyube, Kulyab, Leninabad (Khudzhand); note - the
rayons around Dushanbe are under direct republic jurisdiction; an oblast
usually has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the
administrative center name following in parentheses)
Independence:
9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union); formerly Tajikistan Soviet Socialist
Republic
Constitution:
adopted NA April 1978
Legal system:
based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
National holiday:
NA
Executive branch:
president, prime minister
Legislative branch:
unicameral Supreme Soviet
Judicial branch:
NA
Leaders:
Chief of State:
President Rakhman NABIYEV (since NA September 1991); note - a government of
National Reconciliation was formed in May 1992; NABIYEV is titular head
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Akbar MIRZOYEV (since 10 January 1992); First Deputy Prime
Minister Davlat USMON
Political parties and leaders:
Tajik Democratic Party, Shodmon YUSUF, chairman; Rastokhez (Rebirth), Tohir
ABDULJABAR, chairman; Islamic Revival Party, Sharif HIMMOT-ZODA, chairman
Suffrage:
universal at age 18
Elections:
President:
last held 27 October 1991 (next to be held NA); results - Rakhman NABIYEV,
Communist Party 60%; Daolat KHUDONAZAROV, Democratic Party, Islamic Rebirth
Party and Rastokhoz Party 30%
Supreme Soviet:
last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held NA); results - Communist Party
99%, other 1%; seats - (230 total) Communist Party 227, other 3
Communists:
NA
Other political or pressure groups:
Kazi Kolon, Akbar TURAJON-SODA, Muslim leader
Member of:
CSCE, IMF, UN
Diplomatic representation:
NA
US:
Ambassador-designate Stan ESCUDERO; Embassy at Interim Chancery, #39 Ainii
Street; Residences: Oktyabrskaya Hotel, Dushanbe (mailing address is APO AE
09862); telephone [8] (011) 7-3772-24-32-23
:Tajikistan Government
Flag:
NA; still in the process of designing one
:Tajikistan Economy
Overview:
Tajikistan has had the lowest standard of living and now faces the bleakest
economic prospects of the 15 former Soviet republics. Agriculture is the
main economic sector, normally accounting for 38% of employment and
featuring cotton and fruits. Industry is sparse, bright spots including
electric power and aluminum production based on the country's sizable
hydropower resources and a surprising specialty in the production of
metal-cutting machine tools. In 1991 and early 1992, disruptions in food
supplies from the outside have severely strained the availability of food
throughout the republic. The combination of the poor food supply, the
general disruption of industrial links to suppliers and markets, and
political instability have meant that the republic's leadership could make
little progress in economic reform in 1991 and early 1992.
GDP:
$NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate -9% (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
84% (1991)
Unemployment rate:
25% (1991 est.)
Budget:
$NA
Exports:
$706 million (1990)
commodities:
aluminum, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
partners:
Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Imports:
$1.3 billion (1990)
commodities:
chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs
partners:
NA
External debt:
$650 million (end of 1991 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -2.0% (1991)
Electricity:
4,575,000 kW capacity; 17,500 million kWh produced, 3,384 kWh per capita
(1991)
Industries:
aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil,
metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Agriculture:
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats,
yaks
Illicit drugs:
illicit producers of cannabis and opium; mostly for domestic consumption;
status of government eradication programs unknown; used as transshipment
points for illicit drugs to Western Europe
Economic aid:
NA
Currency:
as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency
Exchange rates:
NA
Fiscal year:
calendar year