*Tajikistan, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Republic of Tajikistan
conventional short form:
Tajikistan
local long form:
Respublika i Tojikiston
local short form:
none
former:
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
Digraph:
TI
Type:
republic
Capital:
Dushanbe
Administrative divisions:
2 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast') and one autonomous oblast*;, Gorno-Badakhshan*;,
Khatlon, Leninabad (Khudzhand)
note:
the rayons around Dushanbe are under direct republic jurisdiction; an oblast
usually has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the
administrative center name following in parentheses)
Independence:
9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Constitution:
as of mid-1993, a new constitution had not been formally approved
Legal system:
based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
National holiday: NA
Political parties and leaders:
Tajik Democratic Party (TDP), Maksud IKRAMOV, Davia KOUDONAZAROV, Shodmon
YUSUPOV; Tajik Socialist Party (TSP), Rakhman NABIYEV, Kakhkhor MAKHKAMOV;
Islamic Revival Party (IRP), Mullah Mukhamedsharif KHIMATZODA, Daviat USMON
Other political or pressure groups:
Tajik People's Front
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Elections:
President:
last held 27 October 1991 (next to be held NA); results - Rakhman NABIYEV,
Communist Party 60%; Davlat KHUDONAZAROV, Democratic Party, Islamic Rebirth
Party and Rastokhoz Party 30%
Supreme Soviet:
last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held NA); results - Communist Party
99%, other 1%; seats - (230 total) Communist Party 227, other 3
note:
in May 1992, the Supreme Soviet was replaced by the transitional 80-member
Assembly (Majlis) and in November 1992 Emomili RAKHMANOV, chairman of the
Assembly, became Chief of State
Executive branch:
president, prime minister, cabinet
Legislative branch:
unicameral Assembly (Majlis)
Judicial branch:
NA
*Tajikistan, Government
Leaders:
Chief of State:
Acting President and Assembly Chairman Emomili RAKHMANOV (since NA November
1992)
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Abdumalik ABULAJANOV (since NA November 1992); First Deputy
Prime Minister Tukhtaboy GAFAROV (since NA November 1992)
Member of:
CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECO, ESCAP, NACC, UN, UNCTAD, WHO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
NA
chancery:
NA
telephone:
NA
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Stanley T. ESCUDERO
embassy:
(temporary) #39 Ainii Street, Dushanbe
mailing address:
APO AE 09862
telephone: [7] (3772) 24-82-33
Flag:
NA
*Tajikistan, Economy
Overview:
Tajikistan has had the lowest living standards of the CIS republics and now
faces the bleakest economic prospects. Agriculture (particularly cotton and
fruit growing) is the most important sector, accounting for 38% of
employment (1990). Industrial production includes aluminum reduction,
hydropower generation, machine tools, refrigerators, and freezers.
Throughout 1992 bloody civil disturbances disrupted food imports and several
regions became desperately short of basic needs. Hundreds of thousands of
people were made homeless by the strife. In late 1992, one-third of industry
was shut down and the cotton crop was only one-half of that of 1991.
National product:
GDP $NA
National product real growth rate:
-34% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
$NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
35% per month (first quarter 1993)
Unemployment rate:
0.4% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of
underemployed workers
Budget:
revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Exports:
$100 million to outside successor states of the former USSR (1992)
commodities:
aluminum, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
partners:
Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Imports:
$100 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
commodities:
chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs
partners:
NA
External debt:
$650 million (end of 1991 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -25% (1992 est.)
Electricity:
4,585,000 kW capacity; 16,800 million kWh produced, 2,879 kWh per capita
(1992)
Industries:
aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil,
metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Agriculture:
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats,
yaks
Illicit drugs:
illicit producer of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited
government eradication programs; used as transshipment points for illicit
drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe
Economic aid:
$700 million offical and commitments by foreign donors (1992)
Currency:
retaining Russian ruble as currency (January 1993)
Exchange rates:
rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations
*Tajikistan, Economy
Fiscal year: calendar year
*Tajikistan, Communications
Railroads:
480 km; does not include industrial lines (1990)
Highways:
29,900 km total (1990); 21,400 km hard surfaced, 8,500 km earth
Pipelines:
natural gas 400 km (1992)
Airports:
total:
58
useable:
30
with permanent-surface runways:
12
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
4
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
13
Telecommunications:
poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the
national network; telephone density in urban locations is about 100 per 1000
persons; linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics, and by leased
connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; satellite earth
stations - 1 orbita and 2 INTELSAT (TV receive-only; the second INTELSAT
earth station provides TV receive-only service from Turkey)