Chloral.—A scarlatinoid or urticarial eruption, dusky-red in color, somewhat itchy, occurring especially about the face, neck, and extremities, occasionally follows the administration of chloral. In some instances, if the drug is long continued, glandular enlargement, vesicles, petechiæ, ulceration, and sloughing, and rarely death with symptoms of purpura hæmorrhagica, result. In a few cases the drug has produced simple purpuric lesions.
Copaiba.—The copaiba eruption is well known. It may follow a single dose, or, as is more often the case, after several days' or a few weeks' use of the drug. It is maculo-papular or papular in type, itchy, and resembles urticaria and erythema multiforme. The extremities are usually invaded, although not infrequently the whole surface is attacked. A scarlatinoid rash has also been observed. The disturbance usually disappears in a few days.
Cubebs.—A diffused erythematous eruption, with milletseed-sized papules, coalescent here and there, occurring over the face and trunk, and to a less extent the extremities, disappearing with furfuraceous desquamation, is occasionally observed.
Digitalis.—A few cases of scarlatinoid and papular eruptions have been recorded as following the administration of digitalis.
Iodides.—Eruptions from the ingestion of the preparations of iodine are not uncommon. They may be erythematous, papular, vesicular, pustular, bullous, or purpuric in character. The erythematous type is not uncommon, appearing in patches chiefly about the forearms, face, and neck. The papular and vesicular forms are rarer, the latter occurring usually about the chest, limbs, scalp, and scrotum. A markedly eczematous eruption, occupying the greater portion of the entire surface, with copious secretion, has been occasionally noted. A pustular eruption, acne-like in character, resembling that seen following the bromides, is the most frequent. It is seen commonly about the face, shoulders, back, and arms. Iodine has been found in the contents of the lesions. A bullous eruption, occurring chiefly about the head and neck, has also been noted. This form is rare. The lesions usually begin as small vesicles or vesico-papules, and develop to blebs, containing a serous, puriform, or sanguinolent fluid. In some cases the eruption does not go beyond the vesicular or vesico-papular formation. Purpura has also, although rarely, been observed, the lesions being small, simple in character, and occurring mainly about the legs; or exceptionally assuming a grave hemorrhagic type, which may terminate fatally. All of the eruptions of the iodides disappear rapidly after the drug has been discontinued.
Mercury.—An eruption of an erysipelatous character, beginning about the face and extending to other parts, has been occasionally noted to follow this drug. The skin is smooth, shining, red, dry, and itchy.
Opium, Morphia.—An erythematous eruption, scarlatinoid in type, favoring the chest and flexor surfaces of the limbs, with or without itching, is in some individuals caused by even the smallest dose of opium or its alkaloid morphia. It may disappear in a few days or be prolonged and followed by marked desquamation. In some persons one or two doses will give rise to intense itching without any eruption, or if the drug is continued the erythematous condition described is developed. Opium has also rarely caused profuse sweating and sudamina.
Phosphoric Acid.—An instance of a bullous eruption has been recorded as following the administration of this drug.
Quinine.—Quinine rashes are not infrequent, appearing usually first on the face and neck, and then invading other parts. The eruption may be patchy or confluent. The type is generally erythematous. Chill, nausea, and other symptoms of malaise precede its development. There may be oedema and injection of the conjunctivæ, and redness and dryness of the naso-pharyngeal passages. Itching and burning are almost constant symptoms. Desquamation, furfuraceous or lamellar, follows. Eruptions resembling urticaria and erythema multiforme have been observed. A purpuric type has also been noted.
Salicylic Acid.—Dermatitis of an erythematous and urticarial type, with symptoms of general disturbance, is sometimes seen in patients taking salicylic acid or its salts. An efflorescence of vesicles and pustules about the hands and feet, with profuse sweating, has been recorded. A case in which ecchymotic patches about the back and neighboring regions appeared from the use of this drug has been reported.