| Date of Census. | ||
| 1870 | 1880 | |
| Number of establishments | 252,148 | 253,852 |
| Capital | $2,118,208,769 | $2,790,272,606 |
| Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | [S] | [S] |
| Salaries | [S] | [S] |
| Wage-earners, average number | 2,053,996 | 2,732,595 |
| Total wages | $775,584,343 | $947,953,795 |
| Men, 16 years and over | 1,615,598 | 2,019,035 |
| Wages | [S] | [S] |
| Women, 16 years and over | 323,770 | 531,639 |
| Wages | [S] | [S] |
| Children, under 16 years | 114,628 | 181,921 |
| Wages | [S] | [S] |
| Miscellaneous expenses | [U] | [U] |
| Cost of materials used | $2,488,427,242 | $3,396,823,549 |
| Value of products, including custom work and repairing. | $4,232,325,442 | $5,369,579,191 |
| Date of Census. | |||
| 1890 | 1900.[Q] | ||
| Number of establishments | 355,475 | 512,254 | |
| Capital | $6,525,156,486 | $9,817,434,799 | |
| Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | 461,609[R] | 396,759 | |
| Salaries | $391,988,208[R] | $403,711,233 | |
| Wage-earners, average number | 4,251,613 | 5,308,406 | |
| Total wages | $1,891,228,321 | $2,322,333,877 | |
| Men, 16 years and over | 3,327,042 | 4,110,527 | |
| Wages | $1,659,234,483 | $2,016,677,789 | |
| Women, 16 years and over | 803,686 | 1,029,296 | |
| Wages | $215,367,976 | $279,994,396 | |
| Children, under 16 years | 120,885 | 168,583 | |
| Wages | $16,625,862 | $25,661,692 | |
| Miscellaneous expenses | $631,225,035 | $1,027,775,778 | |
| Cost of materials used | $5,162,044,076 | $7,345,413,651 | |
| Value of products, including custom work and repairing. | $9,372,437,283 | $13,004,400,143 | |
| Date of Census. | |||
| 1905. | |||
| Number of establishments | 588,769 | ||
| Capital | $13,872,035,371 | ||
| Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | 566,175 | ||
| Salaries | $609,200,251 | ||
| Wage-earners, average number | 6,152,443 | ||
| Total wages | $3,014,389,372 | ||
| Men, 16 years and over | 4,792,874 | ||
| Wages | $2,629,747,837 | ||
| Women, 16 years and over | 1,194,083 | ||
| Wages | $356,992,855 | ||
| Children, under 16 years | 167,066 | ||
| Wages | $29,228,667 | ||
| Miscellaneous expenses | $1,651,603,535 | ||
| Cost of materials used | $9,497,619,851 | ||
| Value of products, including custom work and repairing. | $16,866,706,985 | ||
| Per cent of Increase. | |||
| 1850 to 1860 | 1860 to 1870 | 1870 to 1880 | |
| Number of establishments | 14.1 | 79.6 | 0.7 |
| Capital | 89.4 | 109.3 | 31.7 |
| Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | … | … | … |
| Salaries | … | … | … |
| Wage-earners, average number | 37.0 | 56.6 | 33.0 |
| Total wages | 60.0 | 104.7 | 22.2 |
| Men, 16 years and over | 42.3 | 55.3 | 25.0 |
| Wages | … | … | … |
| Women, 16 years and over | 19.9 | 19.5 | 64.2 |
| Wages | … | … | … |
| Children, under 16 years | … | … | 58.7 |
| Wages | … | … | … |
| Miscellaneous expenses | … | … | … |
| Cost of materials used | 85.8 | 141.2 | 36.5 |
| Value of products, including custom work and repairing. | 85.1 | 124.4 | 26.9 |
| Per cent of Increase. | |||
| 1880 to 1890 | 1890 to 1900 | 1900 to 1905 | |
| Number of establishments | 40.0 | 44.1 | 4.2 |
| Capital | 133.9 | 50.5 | 41.3 |
| Salaried officials, clerks, etc., Number | … | 13.9[T] | 42.7 |
| Salaries | … | 3.0 | 50.9 |
| Wage-earners, average number | 55.6 | 24.9 | 15.9 |
| Total wages | 99.5 | 22.8 | 29.8 |
| Men, 16 years and over | 64.8 | 23.5 | 16.6 |
| Wages | … | 21.5 | 30.4 |
| Women, 16 years and over | 51.2 | 28.1 | 16.0 |
| Wages | … | 30.0 | 27.5 |
| Children, under 16 years | 33.6[T] | 39.5 | 0.9 |
| Wages | … | 54.3 | 13.9 |
| Miscellaneous expenses | … | 62.8 | 60.7 |
| Cost of materials used | 52.0 | 42.3 | 29.3 |
| Value of products, including custom work and repairing. | 74.5 | 38.8 | 29.7 |
[Q] Includes, for comparative purposes, 85 governmental establishments in the District of Columbia having products valued at $9,887,355, the statistics of such establishments for 1890 not being separable. Totals for 1900 and 1905 are exclusive of statistics for governmental establishments and for Hawaii.
[R] Includes proprietors and firm members, with their salaries; number only reported in 1900, but not included in this table.