[1063] Both were alike, and one was broken in two. There are engravings in Waldeck, pl. 25; Stephens, ii. 344, 349; Squier’s Nicaragua, 1856, ii. 337; Bancroft, iv. 337.
[1064] These have been the subject of an elaborate folio, thought, however, to be of questionable value, Die Steinbildwerke von Copân und Quiriguâ, aufgenommen von Heinrich Meye; historisch erläutert und beschrieben von Dr. Julius Schmidt (Berlin, 1883), of which there is an English translation, The stone sculptures of Copán and Quiriguá; translated from the German by a.d. Savage (New York, 1883). It gives twenty plates, Catherwood’s plates, and the cuts in Stephens, with reproductions in accessible books (Bancroft, iv. ch. 3; Powell’s First Rept. Bur. Ethn. 224; Ruge’s Gesch. des Zeitalters; Amer. Antiquarian, viii. 204-6), will serve, however, all purposes.
[1065] Squier says: “There are various reasons for believing that both Copan and Quirigua antedate Olosingo and Palenqué, precisely as the latter antedate the ruins of Quiché, Chichen-Itza, and Uxmal, and that all of them were the work of the same people, or of nations of the same race, dating from a high antiquity, and in blood and language precisely the same that was found in occupation of the country by the Spaniards.”
[1066] Named apparently from a neighboring village.
[1067] Ref. in Bancroft, iv. 79.
[1068] This account can be found in Pacheco’s Col. Doc. inéd. vi. 37, in Spanish; in Ternaux’s Coll. (1840), imperfect, and in the Nouv. Annales des Voyages, 1843, v. xcvii. p. 18, in French; in Squier’s Cent. America, 242, and in his ed. of Palacio (N. Y. 1860), in English; and in Alexander von Frantzius’s San Salvador und Honduras im Jahre 1576, with notes by the translator and by C. H. Berendt.
[1069] Stephens, Cent. Am., i. 131, 144; Warden, 71; Nouvelles Annales des Voyages, xxxv. 329; Bancroft, iv. 82; Bull. de la Soc. de Géog. de Paris, 1836, v. 267; Short, 56, 82,—not to name others.
[1070] His account is in the Amer. Antiq. Soc. Trans., ii.; Bull. Soc. de Géog. 1835; Dupaix, a summary, i. div. 2, p. 73; Bradford’s Amer. Antiq., in part. Galindo’s drawings are unknown. Stephens calls his account “unsatisfactory and imperfect.”
[1071] Central America, i. ch. 5-7; Views of Anc. Mts. It is Stephens’s account which has furnished the basis of those given by Bancroft (iv. ch. 3); Baldwin, p. 111; Short, 356; Nadaillac, 328, and all others. Bancroft in his bibliog. note (iv. pp. 79-81), which has been collated with my own notes, mentions others of less importance, particularly the report of Center and Hardcastle to the Amer. Ethnol. Soc. in 1860 and 1862, and the photographs made by Ellerley, which Brasseur (Hist. Nat. Civ. i. 96; ii. 493; Palenqué, 8, 17) found to confirm the drawings and descriptions of Catherwood and Stephens.
Stephens (Cent. Am., i. 133) made a plan of the ruins reproduced in Annales des Voyages (1841, p. 57), which is the basis of that given by Bancroft (iv. 85). Dr. Julius Schmidt, who was a member of the Squier expedition in 1852-53, furnished the historical and descriptive text to a work which in the English translation by a.d. Savage is known as Stone Sculptures of Copán and Quiriguá, drawn by Heinrich Meye (N. Y., 1883). What Stephens calls the Copan idols and altars are considered by Morgan (Houses and House Life, 257), following the analogy of the customs of the northern Indians, to be the grave-posts and graves of Copan chiefs. Bancroft (iv. ch. 3) covers the other ruins of Honduras and San Salvador; and Squier has a paper on those of Tenampua in the N. Y. Hist. Soc. Proc., 1853.