[690] There is an easy way of tracing these accounts in Joel A. Allen’s List of Works and Papers relating to the mammalian orders of Cete and Sirenia, extracted from the Bulletin of Hayden’s U. S. Geol. and Geog. Survey (Washington, 1882). It is necessary to bear in mind that Spitzbergen is often called Greenland in these accounts.
[691] His book, Det gamle Grönlands nye Perlustration, etc., was first published at Copenhagen in 1729. Pilling (Bibliog. of the Eskimo language, p. 26) was able to find only a single copy of this book, that in the British Museum. Muller (Books on America, Amsterdam, 1872, no. 648) describes a copy. This first edition escaped the notice of J. A. Allen, whose list is very carefully prepared (nos. 217, 220, 226, 230, 235). There were two German editions of this original form of the book, Frankfort, 1730, and Hamburg, 1740, according to the Carter-Brown Catalogue (ii. 448, 647), but Pilling gives only the first. The 1729 edition was enlarged in the Copenhagen edition of 1741, which has a map, “Gronlandia Antiqua,” showing the east colony and west colony, respectively, east and west of Cape Farewell. This edition is the basis of the various translations: In German, Copenhagen, 1742, using the plates of the 1741 ed.; Berlin, 1763. In Dutch, Delft, 1746. In French, Copenhagen, 1763. In English, London, 1745; abstracted in the Philosoph. Transactions Royal Soc. (1744), xlii. no. 47; and again, London (1818), with an historical introduction based on Torfæus and La Peyrère. Crantz epitomizes Egede’s career in Greenland.
The bibliography in Sabin’s Dictionary (vi. 22,018, etc.) confounds the Greenland journal (1770-78) of Hans Egede’s grandson, Hans Egede Saabye (b. 1746; d. 1817), with the work of the grandfather. This journal is of importance as regards the Eskimos and the missions among them. There is an English version: Greenland: extracts from a journal kept in 1770 to 1778. Prefixed an introduction; illus. by chart of Greenland, by G. Fries. Transl. from the German [by H. E. Lloyd] (London, 1818). The map follows that of the son of Hans, Paul Egede, whose Nachrichten von Grönland aus einem Tagebuche von Bischof Paul Egede (Copenhagen, 1790) must also be kept distinct. Pilling’s Bibliog. of the Eskimo language affords the best guide.
[692] An English translation by Macdougall was published in London in 1837 (Pilling, p. 38; Field, no. 619). A French version of Graah’s introduction with notes by M. de la Roquette was published in 1835. Cf. Journal Royal Geog. Soc., i. 247. After Graah’s publication Rafn placed the Osterbygden on the west coast in his map. Graah’s report (1830) is in French in the Bull. de la Soc. de Géog. de Paris, 1830.
[693] On the present scant, if not absence of, population on the east coast of Greenland, see J. D. Whitney’s Climatic Changes of later geological times (Mus. of Comp. Zoöl. Mem., vii. p. 303, Cambridge, 1882).
[694] The changes in opinion respecting the sites of the colonies and the successive explorations are followed in the Compte Rendu, Congrès des Américanistes by Steenstrup (p. 114) and by Valdemar-Schmidt, “Sur les Voyages des Danois au Groenland” (195, 205, with references). Cf. on these lost colonies and the search for them Westminster Review, xxvii. 139; Harper’s Monthly, xliv. 65 (by I. I. Hayes); Lippincott’s Mag., Aug., 1878; Amer. Church Rev., xxi. 338; and in the general histories, La Peyrère (Dutch transl., Amsterdam, 1678); Crantz (Eng. transl., 1767, p. 272); Egede (Eng. ed., 1818, introd.); and Rink’s Danish Greenland, ch. 1.
[695] The original of Bardsen’s account has disappeared, but Rafn puts it in Latin, translating from an early copy found in the Faröe Islands (Antiquitates Américanæ, p. 300). Purchas gives it in English, from a copy which had belonged to Hudson, being translated from a Dutch version which Hudson had borrowed, the Dutch being rendered by Barentz from a German version. Major also prints it in Voyages of the Zeni. He recognizes in Bardsen’s “Gunnbiorn’s Skerries” the island which is marked in Ruysch’s map (1507) as blown up in 1456 (see Vol. III. p. 9).
[696] Hakluyt, however, prints some pertinent verses by Meredith, a Welsh bard, in 1477.
[697] Murphy Catal., no. 1489; Sabin, x. p. 322; Carter-Brown Catal. for eds. of 1584, 1697, 1702, 1774, 1811, 1832, etc.
[698] In the seventeenth century there were a variety of symptoms of the English eagerness to get the claims of Madoc substantiated, as in Sir Richard Hawkins’s Observations (Hakluyt Soc., 1847), and James Howell’s Familiar Letters (London, 1645). Belknap (Amer. Biog., 1794, i. p. 58) takes this view of Hakluyt’s purpose; but Pinkerton, Voyages, 1812, xii. 157, thinks such a charge an aspersion. The subject was mentioned with some particularity or incidentally by Purchas, Abbott (Brief Description, London, 1620, 1634, 1677), Smith (Virginia), and Fox (North-West Fox). Sir Thomas Herbert in his Relation of some Travaile into Africa and Asia (London, 1634) tracks Madoc to Newfoundland, and he also found Cymric words in Mexico, which assured him in his search for further proofs (Bohn’s Lowndes, p. 1049; Carter-Brown, ii. 413, 1166).