BRANDYWINE.
Sketched from a large MS. Hessian map in the library of Congress, Plan générale des opérations de l'armée Britannique contre les Rebelles, etc. Key: "19, Marche de l'armée pour New Gardens. 22, Marche du général Knyphausen pour Kennet Square, 9 Sept. 24, Camp que l'armée occupa aux environs de Kennet Square. 26, Marche du général Cornwallis vers le Brandywine. 30, Première position du Gen. Cornwallis. 31, 2me position de ce général. 32, Attaque de ce général. 33, Position des enemis. 34, Retraite des enemis. 38, Marche du corps detaché à Wilmington. 57, Marche du corps detaché à Wilmington pour Philadelphia le 16 Oct." The lines (·–·–) represent roads.
The published plans of Brandywine are the following: In the Examination of Joseph Galloway and letters on the Conduct of the war. In Sparks's Washington, v. 58. Cf. also Duer's Stirling, ii.; Irving's Washington, iii. 190. In Marshall's Washington, vol. v. Sketch by J. S. Bowen and J. S. Futhey in Penna. Hist. Soc. Bull., i. no. 7 (1846). In Penna. Archives, 2d ser., x. 316; Carrington's Battles, p. 382; Hamilton's Grenadier Guards, ii.; Lowell's Hessians, 198; Lossing's Field-Book, ii. 377 (with views of the ground, 378, 379).
There are among the Faden maps (nos. 78, 79) in the library of Congress a careful topographical drawing of the battle of Brandywine, and a corrected proof of the map as published by Faden in 1778. There are among the Faden maps (nos. 80, 80½) plans, by the Hessian Wangenheim, of the camp at Wilmington to cover the British hospitals after the fight at Brandywine, and a map of the positions of the army in the action of Sept. 19th, as well as Cornwallis's march in November to Philadelphia.
Of the writers near the event, Gordon drew from original sources; Marshall was an actor in the scenes; and there are accounts in Wilkinson, i. 353, 359, 361. G. W. P. Custis's Recollections, ch. 4, and the later writers need to be consulted.[925]
On the English side, Howe's despatch to Germain is in Dawson (i. 330). The letter of a British officer, dated Philadelphia, Oct. 19, 1777 (London Chronicle, Jan. 3-6, 1778), is reprinted in Penna. Mag. of Hist., April, 1887, p. 112.[926]
