B. The Figure of the Miles Gloriosus in English Literature.—The limits of this edition forbid any detailed account of the pedigree of the type of the Miles Gloriosus in English Literature, but for the benefit of the student, I wish to give the following references:—
On the Miles Gloriosus of the Ancients, cf. the classical account in Otto Ribbeck's Alazon, Ein Beitrag zur Antiken Ethologie und zur Kenntniss der Griechisch-Römischen Tragödie, Leipzig, 1882. Cf. further the masterly sketches in the History of Roman Literature (Leipzig, 1887; 1, 66; 83) by the same author; the shorter account, "Über die Figuren des Miles Glorioius und seines Parasiten bei älteren und neueren Dichtern," by A. O. F. Lorenz (as an appendix to the same scholar's edition of Plautus, Mil. Glor., Berlin, 1886; pp. 230 seq.). The fullest collection of material for a general history of this classical type in modern literature is contained in Karl von Reinhardstoettner, Plautus, Spätere Bearbeitungen Plautinischer Lustspiele, Leipzig, 1886 (pp. 130 seq., 595-680).
On the Mil. Glor. in English Literature, cf. the excellent dissertation by Herman Graf, Der Mil. Glor. im Englischen Drama bis zur Zeit des Bürgerkrieges Rostock, s. a. [1891; cf. Koch's note in Englische Studien, 18, 134].
On the Shakespearian "quadrifoil," Falstaff, Parolles, Armado, Pistol, cf. the charming causerie by Julius Thümmel: Der Mil. Glor. bei Shakespeare [published first in the Shakespeare Jahrbuch of 1878, and, later, in the same author's Shakespeare Charaktere, Halle, 1887, Vol. I. pp. 257-276].
C. Titiville (I. i, 21).—'Tuteville' was originally the name of a devil in the French Mystery Plays (cf. Mone, Schauspiele des Mittelalters, 2, 27);[630] from the French Mystery play the name was introduced into the Mysteries of Germany, England,[631] and Holland. His diabolical occupation is thus defined in the Myroure of oure Ladye (1 ch. 20; cf. Blunt's note, 342; as well as Skeat's to Pierce Plowm., C. xiv, 123): "I am a poure dyuel and my name is Tytyuyllus ... I muste eche day ... brynge my master a thousande pokes [bags] full of faylynges, & of neglygences in syllables and wordes that are done in youre order in redynge and in syngynge, & else I must be sore beten."
This 'function' of the Devil seems to allow a connection[632] with the Latin titivillitium,[633] "a vile thyng of no value" (Cooper), something very small and trifling, like the "faylynges and neglygences in syllables" in praying and reading of the church offices.
In Udall's time the ancient Devil had degenerated, and his name had become a byword for a low, miserable fellow; cf. the play of Thersites (Dodsley, 1, 424):—
Tinkers and taborers, tipplers, taverners,
Tittifills, triflers, turners and trumpers,
and Heywood's Proverbs, 1 ch. 10 (40):—