To finish the irregular curve of the stem, measure from J at the center of the lower horizontal line 2 in. to M, turn the rule up and measure off ¹⁄₂ in. inside of the line, and make dot 13. The dot 14 is made by measuring off 4 in. from M to N and turning the rule to a point 3 in. inside the line, as shown. Then from point N measure to O 1¹⁄₄ in., and then measure up 4 in. to dot 15. From the dot 14 to 15 run a straight line. The dot 15 should be exactly 5 in. inside of the right vertical line.
Allowance for the beveled splice of the stem to the inside keel must now be made, and the beginning is to run a light pencil line from dot 15 to dot 6. From dot 15 measure up ¹⁄₂ in., turn the rule at P and make dot 16 exactly ¹⁄₄ in. to the left of the upright line. From dot 16 a line is run to dot 8 which completes the angle of the curve. The full curve is then easily traced in.
The Inside Keel, or Keelson
The inside keel, or keelson, is made exactly 13 ft. 11 in. long and 3¹⁄₂ in. wide in the center, which is, of course, amidships. It is unnecessary to go to the trouble of making a paper pattern for this because the keel is merely tapered uniformly from center to ends, and this may be drawn on the surface of the board direct. The board being 13 ft. 11 in. long and 3¹⁄₂ in. wide, it is only necessary to make cross lines exactly in the center both ways. From the center measure 1 ft. toward one end and make the width at that point 3¹⁄₂ in. Measure 1 ft. farther along, and again make the width 3¹⁄₂ in. as before. Continue in this manner, making the third station 3¹⁄₄ in.; the fourth, 2⁵⁄₈ in.; the fifth, 2 in.; the sixth, 1¹⁄₄ in., and the width at the ends ¹⁵⁄₁₆ in. This detail is well shown in [Fig. 7]. Bend the stem on the mold and fasten it to the keel by means of a couple of ³⁄₄-in. No. 10 screws at each end.
The Ribs and Gunwales
Fig. 8
The Ribs are Fastened to the Outside of the Keelson and are Curved under the Ribbands
The ribs are best made of cedar, cut from the same material as the planking. They are 1³⁄₄ in. wide and ¹⁄₈ in. thick. It is a good plan to saw out several long lengths and cut them off as required, the length being determined by measuring from gunwale to gunwale around the curve over the ribbands. The ribs are put in under the ribbands, and the thickness of the latter will allow sufficient wood for making a good fit at the sheer line. The gunwales are two straight strips, 16 ft. long, ⁷⁄₈ in. wide, and ¹⁄₂ in. thick.
Fig. 9
The Bent Stem is Fastened to the Keel with Screws at Both Ends