B.C.290.—Egyptians navigate the east coast of Africa.
B.C.218.—Hannibal crosses the Alps.
B.C.120 (about).—Eudoxus of Cyzicus attempts circumnavigation of Africa.
B.C.61-58.—Romans, under Julius Cæsar in Gaul, Germany, and Britain.
B.C.30 (since).—Romans extend their geographical knowledge and commerce as far as central Asia.
B.C.20—Strabo (Greek) describes Roman Empire and first mentions Thule and Ireland.
B.C.15.—Tiberius discovers the Lake of Constance; Drusus, the Brenner Pass.
A.D.84.—Roman general, Agricola, circumnavigates Britain.
150.—Claudius Ptolemy (Egypt.) constructs his geography and atlas.
518-21.—Hoei-sing (Chinese) visits Pamirs and Punjab.