Leaders: (1) Dandolo, Doge of Venice, Baldwin of Flanders.
Chief Action: (1) Sack of Constantinople.
Results: Division of eastern empire. The Venetians get the monopoly of trade and most of the islands and coast lands of the Ægean and Ionian seas. The remainder is erected into a feudal state, the Latin empire.
Children’s Crusade (legendary)—1212.
Causes: Ignorant enthusiasm aroused by visions and miraculous tales.
Leader: A shepherd lad, Stephen of Vendome.
Chief Events: Thousands of children, women and peasants march from France and Germany to the Mediterranean.
Results: Only a small number return home; the others perish on the way or are sold into slavery by French merchants.
Fifth Crusade—1228-1229.
Cause: Vow of Frederick II. of Germany. He goes under pope’s excommunication.