[128] Milwaukee County v. White (M.E.) Co., 296 U.S. 268 (1935).
[129] Equitable L. Assur. Soc. v. Brown, 187 U.S. 308 (1902). See also Gibson v. Lyon, 115 U.S. 439 (1885).
[130] Embry v. Palmer, 107 U.S. 3, 9 (1883). See also Northern Assur. Co. v. Grand View Bldg. Asso., 203 U.S. 106 (1906); Atchison, T. & S.F.R. Co. v. Sowers, 213 U.S. 55 (1909); Knights of Pythias v. Meyer, 265 U.S. 30, 33 (1924); Louisville & N.R. Co. v. Central Stockyards Co., 212 U.S. 132 (1909); West Side Belt R. Co. v. Pittsburgh Constr. Co., 219 U.S. 92 (1911).
[131] No right, privilege, or immunity is conferred by the Constitution in respect to judgments of foreign states and nations.—Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Tremblay, 223 U.S. 185 (1912). In Hilton v. Guyot, 159 U.S. 113, 234 (1895) where a French judgment offered in defense was held not a bar to the suit. Four Justices dissented on the ground that "the application of the doctrine of res judicata does not rest in discretion; and it is for the Government, and not for its courts, to adopt the principle of retorsion, if deemed under any circumstances desirable or necessary." At the same sitting of the Court, an action in a United States circuit court on a Canadian judgment was sustained on the same ground of reciprocity. Ritchie v. McMullen, 159 U.S. 235 (1895). See also Ingenohl v. Olsen, 273 U.S. 541 (1927), where a decision of the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands was reversed for refusal to enforce a judgment of the Supreme Court of the British colony of Hongkong, which was rendered "after a fair trial by a court having jurisdiction of the parties." In 1897 Foreign Relations of the United States 7-8, will be found a three-cornered correspondence between the State Department, the Austro-Hungarian Legation, and the Governor of Pennsylvania, in which the last named asserts that "under the laws of Pennsylvania the judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in Croatia would be respected to the extent of permitting such judgment to be sued upon in the courts of Pennsylvania." Stowell, op. cit. supra note I, at 254-255. Another instance of international cooperation in the judicial field is furnished by letters rogatory. "When letters rogatory are addressed from any court of a foreign country to any district court of the United States, a commissioner of such district court designated by said court to make the examination of the witnesses mentioned in said letters, shall have power to compel the witnesses to appear and depose in the same manner as witnesses may be compelled to appear and testify in courts," 28 U.S.C.A., supra note II, § 653. Some of the States have similar laws. See 2 Moore, Digest of International Law (1906) 108-109.
[132] David K. Watson, The Constitution of the United States, vol. II, 1206 (1910).
[133] The Federalist No. 42.
[134] 16 Wall. 36 (1873).
[135] Ibid. 75.
[136] Scott v. Sandford, 19 How. 393 (1857).
[137] Ibid. 518, 527-529.