[1] 1 Stat. 51 n.

[2] Elliot, The Debates in the Several State Conventions on the Adoption of the Federal Constitution, V, 538 (1836).

[3] The Federalist No. 84.

[4] McLaughlin, A Constitutional History of the United States, 203 (1936).

[5] Ames, The Proposed Amendments to the Constitution, 19 (1896).

[6] Annals of Congress, I, 424, 433.

[7] Monongahela Navigation Co. v. United States, 148 U.S. 312, 324 (1893).

[8] Ames, op. cit., 184, 185 (1896).

[9] Annals of Congress, 1, 755.

[10] Ibid.