[1016] Chicago, B. & Q.R. Co. v. Iowa, 94 U.S. 155 (1877); Peik v. Chicago & Northwestern R. Co., 94 U.S. 164 (1877); Chicago, M. & St. P.R. Co. v. Ackley, 94 U.S. 179 (1877); Winona & St. P.R. Co. v. Blake, 94 U.S. 180 (1877).
[1017] Santa Clara County v. Southern P.R. Co., 118 U.S. 394 (1886).
The ruling stood unchallenged until 1938 when Justice Black asserted in a dissenting opinion that "I do not believe the word 'person' in the Fourteenth Amendment includes corporations." Connecticut General Life Insurance Co. v. Johnson, 303 U.S. 77, 85 (1938). More recently Justice Douglas expressed the same view in a dissenting opinion in which Justice Black concurred. Wheeling Steel Corporation v. Glander, 337 U.S. 562, 576 (1949).
[1018] Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356, 369 (1886).
[1019] Newark v. New Jersey, 262 U.S. 192 (1923); Williams v. Baltimore, 289 U.S. 36 (1933).
[1020] Cf. Hillsborough v. Cromwell, 326 U.S. 620 (1846).
[1021] Blake v. McClung, 172 U.S. 239, 261 (1898); Sully v. American Nat. Bank, 178 U.S. 289 (1900).
[1022] Kentucky Finance Corp. v. Paramount Auto Exchange Corp., 262 U.S. 544 (1923).
[1023] Hillsborough v. Cromwell, 326 U.S. 620 (1946).
[1024] Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Glander, 337 U.S. 562 (1949); Hanover Insurance Co. v. Harding, 272 U.S. 494 (1926).