Murder of Cicero. Birth of Ovid.
42. Brutus and Cassius are defeated at the two battles of Philippi. See ["ROME BECOMES A MONARCHY," ii, 333].
41. Octavius and Antony's party war in Italy.
Fulvia, the wife of Antony, and the consul Lucius, his brother, oppose Octavius, who drives them from Rome. See ["ROME BECOMES A MONARCHY," ii, 333].
40. Herod I, in his absence at Rome, is proclaimed by Antony and Octavius king of Judea.
Antony accompanies Cleopatra to Egypt. See ["ROME BECOMES A MONARCHY," ii, 333].
39. Herod lands in Syria to take the throne of Judea.
38. Pompey is defeated in a naval engagement and loses all his fleet.
37. Herod conquers Jerusalem; the Asmonean house ends.
36. Lepidus, aspiring to greater power, is deserted by his soldiers and ejected from the triumvirate.