1042. End of the Danish rule in England; Hardicanute succeeded by Edward the Confessor.
1045. Ferdinand of Castile exacts tribute from his Moorish neighbors.
1046. Henry III holds a council at Sutri on the question of the papacy. See "[HENRY III DEPOSES THE POPES]," v, 177.
1047. Count Guelf given the duchy Carinthia by Emperor Henry III.
1048. On the death of Clement II, the deposed Pope again intrudes himself. See "[HENRY III DEPOSES THE POPES]," v, 177.
1049. Hildebrand, the monk, assumes charge of the patrimony of St. Peter, at Rome.
1050. Bérenger of Tours condemned and imprisoned for denying the doctrine of transubstantiation.
1051. William of Normandy visits England; he confers with Edward the Confessor.
1052. Archbishop Robert, with the Norman bishops and nobles, driven out of England.
1053. In Italy the Norman conquests of that country are conferred on them as a fief of the Church.