Edict of Restitution by Ferdinand II demanding the surrender to the Catholic Church of all sees and secularized property in the possession of Protestants. He concludes peace with Denmark.
1630. Foundation of Boston, Massachusetts. See "Great Puritan Exodus to New England," xi, [153].
Dismissal of Wallenstein by Emperor Ferdinand II. Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden wages war on behalf of the Protestants in Germany.
1631. Escape from France of Marie de' Medici, after being imprisoned for intrigues against Richelieu.
Magdeburg captured and sacked by Tilly, the imperial general.
Gustavus Adolphus advances to the Rhine; the Elector of Saxony, John George, occupies Prague with his forces.
Settlement of Kent Island, Maryland, by William Clayborne.
First newspaper printed in France, Gazette de France; still existing.
Reform of education by Comenius. See "The Educational Reform of Comenius," xi, [192].
1632. Charles I of England grants a charter to Cecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, for a colony in Maryland.