Forcing of the passage of the Lech by Gustavus Adolphus; Tilly defeated and slain; Munich occupied by the Swedes.
Battle of Luetzen; victory of the Swedes over Wallenstein by Gustavus Adolphus, who is slain. His daughter, Christina, succeeds. See "Triumph and Death of Gustavus Adolphus at Luetzen," xi, [174].
Restoration of Canada and Nova Scotia to France by England.
1633. Union of Heilbronn; consolidation of the Protestant interests by Oxenstierna.
Wentworth appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Laud becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
Richelieu fails in his attempt to unite the Italian states in a confederacy.
Under compulsion Galileo rejects the Copernican system. See "Recantation of Galileo," xi, [184].
1634. Assassination of Wallenstein, the result of a conspiracy. Battle of Noerdlingen; the German and Swede Protestant army annihilated.
Writ for the levying of ship money in England. Arbitrary proceedings of the Star-chamber.