Mazarin orders the princes of Condé and Conti and the Duke of Longueville to be imprisoned.
Invention of the air-pump by Otto von Guericke. (Date uncertain.)
Possession of the Cape of Good Hope taken by the Dutch.
Settlement of North Carolina.
1651. Battle of Worcester; defeat of Charles II; flight of the King. See "Great Civil War in England," xi, [311].
Passage of the Navigation Act, which was disastrous to the trade of England's American colonies.
Mazarin banished France; peace ensues.
Massachusetts adopts the Cambridge Platform, a declaration of principles respecting church government.
1652. War between the two republics of England and Holland; Blake, commanding the English fleet, defeats De Witt and De Ruyter; he is in turn surprised by Van Tromp, who captures six English ships, drives the others up the Thames, and sails the Channel with a broom at the masthead.
Complete suppression of the Irish rebellion.