1219 captures Damietta.
1221 Destruction of the Christian army in Egypt. The Turks regain Damietta.
1225 The emperor Frederick II declares that Jean de Brienne has, since Mary’s death, no claim to his title, and that it belongs to himself, since he has married Yolande, the daughter of Mary.
1228 After many delays, Frederick starts for the Holy Land.
1229 Frederick II makes a treaty with the sultan Malik al-Kamil, by which he recovers Jerusalem and other cities. He is the recognised king of Jerusalem.
From this time on (see Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Crusades) the Christian kingdom in Palestine may be considered a part of the Holy Roman Empire until 1291, when the sultan Khalil takes Acre and drives the last of the Christians out of Syria.
THE COUNTY OF ANTIOCH (1099-1268 A.D.)
A vassal state of the kingdom of Jerusalem founded 1099 by the crusaders with Bohemond of Tarentum at its head. Bohemond is captured by the Turks (1105) and Tancred goes to Antioch to govern. Bohemond released the following year. The emperor Alexius claims Antioch, but Bohemond successfully resists him. He goes to Europe, and after various adventures dies there in 1111. Tancred dies the following year. For eight years the principality is united to the kingdom of Jerusalem, but in 1126 Baldwin II of Jerusalem gives it to Bohemond II. Bohemond III rules 1162 to 1201. Some of the princes of Antioch rule in virtue of their wives’ right to the throne. In 1268 Bibars, the sultan of Egypt, captures Antioch and the principality comes to an end.