1655 Alexander VII, Fabio Chigi. Louis XIV takes Avignon from him (1662).
1667 Clement IX, Giulio Rospigliosi. Temporary peace between the French Jansenists and Jesuits.
1670 Clement X, Emilio Altieri.
1676 Innocent XI, Benedetto Odescalchi. Controversy with Louis XIV over the ambassador’s privileges at Rome.
1689 Alexander VIII, Pietro Ottoboni. Aids Venice against the Turks.
1691 Innocent XII, Antonio Pignatelli.
1700 Clement XI, Giovanni Francesco Albani. Jansenist controversy renewed in France. Clement aids pretender to the English throne.
1721 Innocent XIII, Michelangelo Conti.
1724 Benedict XIII, Vincenzo Marco Orsini. Makes an ineffectual attempt to reconcile all divisions of Christianity.
1730 Clement XII, Lorenzo Corsini.