1319 The Ghibellines renew attack on Genoa after Robert’s departure. Brescia accepts a governor from Robert.
1320 Unsuccessful attempt of Philip of Valois to crush the Visconti.
1321 The Ghibellines at Genoa defeat an army sent against them by Robert. Siege of Cremona by Galeazzo Visconti.
1322 Surrender of Cremona to Galeazzo. His brother Marco defeats the papal and Neapolitan army. Excommunication of the Visconti family. Frederick of Austria refuses to take part in the strife.
1323 The papal army captures Alessandria and Tortona. It is driven from Milan by the Visconti with the help of Ludwig of Bavaria, who is excommunicated for giving his assistance. Massacre of the Pisans in Sardinia by the Aragonese.
1324 Galeazzo defeats the papal and Neapolitan army at Monza. Robert refuses to make peace.
1325 Castruccio Castracani of Lucca makes himself lord of Pistoia and with the Visconti attacks Florence.
1326 The Pisans abandon Sardinia to the Aragonese. The Florentines make Charles, son of Robert, governor of the city in return for the promise of Robert’s assistance against Castracani.
1327 Ludwig IV of Germany receives the Lombard crown at Milan. He imprisons Galeazzo Visconti.