1832 Pedro takes Oporto and is besieged there by Miguel who is defeated. Miguel’s fleet beaten by Sartorius.
1833 Saldanha victorious at Oporto. Pedro’s fleet under Napier defeats Miguel at Cape St. Vincent. Lisbon occupied for Pedro. Maria II proclaimed queen and the charter of 1826 restored.
1834 Quadruple alliance of Portugal, Spain, England, and France to expel Miguel and the Spanish pretender Don Carlos. Saldanha defeats Miguelites at Torres and Novas. Napier reduces Beira. Villa Flor overruns Tras-os-Montes and is victorious at Asseiceira. Miguel surrenders at Evora and goes into exile. The cortes abolishes the orders of friars. Massacres in Lisbon. The queen declared of age. Dom Pedro dies. The ministry under Palmella deals severely with Miguelites, causing frequent insurrections. The ministry by repudiation destroys national credit.
1835 Maria da Gloria marries Prince Augustus of Leuchtenberg. Prince consort dies.
1836 Maria marries Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg. September revolution at Lisbon under Caldeira
1838 compels the grant of the new constitution of 1838, based on that of 1822.
1842 Costa Cabral succeeds in abolishing the constitution of 1838, and substituting the charter of 1826.
1846 Sá da Bandeira leads an insurrection of the Septembrists (or partisans of the constitution of 1838), called the war of Maria da Fonte or “patuleia.” Costa Cabral flees to Spain. Royal troops victorious at Evora. English ships arrive. Bandeira defeated by Saldanha at Torres Vedras.
1847 Insurgents take Oporto. England, France, and Spain agree to intervene. Bandeira surrenders. Oporto yields to royal troops. Convention of Granada arranges amnesty.
1850 American fleet collects claims.