C. glomerata (clustered).* fl. sessile, disposed in terminal heads on the branches and stems; corollas bluish-violet or white, glabrous, except the nerves outside, funnel-shaped. May to September. l. serrulated; radical ones ovate, acute; bracts ovate, acuminated. Stems simple, or branched. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Britain, &c. Borders. See Fig. 343. (Sy. En. B. 866.) A double-flowered variety, and also a white-flowered form, are very desirable. There are numerous varieties of this species which are frequently described as distinct species. The following are among the number:
C. g. cervicaroides (Cervicaria-like). fl. bluish-violet, terminal and axillary. Lower leaves on long petioles. Stem flexuous, hairy.
C. g. elliptica (elliptical). fl. blue, large, capitate. l. on long petioles, elliptic; bracts large, often longer than the flowers.
C. g. nicæensis (Nice). fl. bluish-violet, disposed in short, dense spikes. l. approximate, ovate, acute, sessile.
C. g. pusilla (diminutive).* fl. few, capitate. l. round, cordate. h. 1in. to 2in. In addition to these, there are aggregata and speciosa (= dahurica). The latter is an excellent variety, with large heads of deep-coloured flowers.
C. grandiflora (large-flowered). See Platycodon grandiflorum.
C. grandis (large).* fl. pale violet-blue, broadly bell-shaped, with large pointed divisions, axillary and alternate, on the upper part of the stem. June. l. sessile, lanceolate, serrated. Stem simple, furrowed. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Siberia, 1842. Borders. There is also a very showy white-flowered variety named alba.
C. haylodgensis (Hay Lodge). fl. light blue, rather open, bell-shaped, few, at the ends of the stems. August. l., radical ones tufted, roundish-cordate, with the margins slightly indented; cauline ones ovate-cordate, conspicuously toothed, light green. h. 6in. to 9in. Rockery. This is a hybrid, raised by Mr. Anderson-Henry, Hay Lodge, Edinburgh, probably between C. carpathica and C. pusilla.
C. hederacea (Ivy-like). See Wahlenbergia hederacea.
C. Hostii (Host's).* A synonym of C. rotundifolia Hostii.
C. isophylla (equal-leaved).* fl. numerous, erect, disposed in a corymb; corolla lilac-blue, with a grey centre, large, salver-shaped, deeply five-lobed. August. l. broadly ovate, cordate, and toothed. Stems firm. North Italy, 1868. Borders and rockery. SYN. C. floribunda. (B. M. 5745.)
C. i. alba (white).* fl. pure white; in other respects like the species. It is a charming rockery plant, flowering very freely.
FIG. 344. FLOWERS OF CAMPANULA LACINIATA.
C. laciniata (cut-leaved). fl. long-stalked, in lax panicles. Stem erect, branchy, somewhat hairy. h. 1ft. Islands in Grecian Archipelago, 1790. This biennial species is impatient of much moisture during winter, and is therefore best kept in a cold frame. See Fig. 344.
C. lactiflora (milk-coloured-flowered).* fl. in loose panicles; peduncles erect, short, usually three-flowered; corollas erect, milk-coloured, tinged with blue, or quite blue, as in the variety named cœrulea. July to September. l. sessile. ovate-lanceolate, acutely serrated. Stems branched. h. 2ft. to 6ft. Caucasus, 1814. Borders. SYN. C. celtidifolia. See Fig. 339. (B. R. 241.)
FIG. 345. CAMPANULA LANGSDORFFIANA.
C. Langsdorffiana (Langsdorff's). fl. blue, either solitary or in few-flowered panicles, not unlike those of C. rotundifolia. l. either entire or toothed. h. 3in. to 9in. Mountains of Northern Asia and America. Perennial. See Fig. 345.
C. latifolia (broad-leaved). fl. disposed in spicate racemes; peduncles erect, one-flowered; corolla blue, but sometimes white (in the variety alba) campanulately funnel-shaped, large. July. l. large, doubly serrated; radical ones petiolate, cordate, ovate-oblong; cauline ones sessile, ovate-acuminated. Stems simple, smooth. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Britain. (Sy. En. B. 868.)
C. l. eriocarpa (woolly-fruited). fl., tube of calyx very hispid. l. less acuminated. Stem and leaves pilose and pale. Caucasus, 1823. Borders.
C. l. macrantha (large-flowered).* fl., corollas purplish-blue, larger than those of the type. Stem and leaves rather pilose; teeth of leaves more distinct. A hybrid. Borders.
C. Loefflingii (Lœffling's). fl. solitary, terminating the naked branchlets, loosely panicled, drooping; corolla blue or violaceous, with a deeper-coloured zone beneath the middle, white at the base, both inside and out, funnel-shaped. July. l. crenulated; lower ones ovate-reniform; superior ones ovate, stem-clasping. Stem much branched. Annual. h. 6in. to 18in. South-west Europe, 1818. (B. R. 29, 19.)
C. Loreyi (Lorey's). A synonym of C. ramosissima.
C. lyrata (lyrate). fl. disposed in a long, many-flowered, loose raceme; corolla blue, tubular, with rather pilose nerves. June. l., lower ones petiolate, cordate, ovate, acute, crenated; superior ones sessile, ovate-lanceolate, serrate-toothed. Stem branched. Eastern Europe, Levant, &c., 1823. Borders.
FIG. 346. CAMPANULA MACROSTYLA.
C. macrostyla (large-styled). fl. dull purple, reticulated with violet, solitary, on stout stalks; hairy towards the base. July. l., lower ones ovate-oblong, acute; upper ones ovate-lanceolate, recurved, small for the size of the plant, hispid on both surfaces, and ciliated with bristles. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Taurus Mountains. Annual. Borders. The rigid habit, bristly, almost prickly, stem and leaves, curious calyx appendages, short gaping corolla, and wonderful stigma, mark this as the most singular Campanula hitherto introduced. See Fig. 346.
C. Medium (middle-sized).* Canterbury Bells. fl. numerous, large, disposed in racemes; corolla blue, purple, and white, campanulate, inflated, single and double. July. l. sessile, ovate-lanceolate, crenately toothed. Stem erect, branched. h. 1ft. to 4ft. South Europe, 1597. See Fig. 347. A well-known and very handsome biennial, of which there are numerous varieties. Borders.
C. muralis (wall).* A synonym of C. Portenschlagiana.
C. nana (dwarf). A synonym of C. Allionii.
C. nitida (shining).* fl. blue or white, disposed in spicate racemes; corolla campanulately rotate. Summer. l. in rosettes, leathery, very dark and shining green, oblong, crenated; cauline ones linear-lanceolate, almost entire. Stem simple. h. 3in. to 9in. North America, 1731. Borders. There are also double blue and white flowered forms of this species. SYN. C. planiflora.
C. nobilis (noble).* fl. drooping, crowded towards the ends of the branchlets; corollas reddish-violet, or white, or cream-coloured, spotted, 3in. or more long. July. l. hairy; lower ones petiolate, ovate, toothed; upper ones lanceolate, nearly or quite sessile. h. 2ft. China, 1844. Borders. (B. R. 32, 65.) There is also a white-flowered variety.
C. patula (spreading). fl. panicled, terminal, and axillary, on long pedicels, large, erect; corollas blue or white, funnel-shaped. July. l., radical ones crowded, obovate, crenated; cauline ones linear-lanceolate, sessile, nearly entire. Stems branched. Branches diverging. Europe. Borders. (Sy. En. B. 873.)