FIG. 340. FLOWERING STEM OF CAMPANULA CARPATHICA.

C. carpathica (Carpathian).* fl. blue, broadly campanulate, disposed in loose panicles, on long peduncles, which are elongated, naked, and terminated by an erect flower. June to August. l., lower ones on long petioles, ovate-roundish, cordate, toothed; upper ones on short petioles, ovate, acute. Stems leafy, branched. h. 9in. Transylvania, 1774. Borders or rockery. See Fig. 340. (B. M. 117.)

C. c. alba (white).* fl. quite white, otherwise like the type. See Fig. 339.

FIG. 341. CAMPANULA CARPATHICA PELVIFORMIS.

C. c. pelviformis (pelvis-formed).* fl. lilac, nearly 2in. across, numerously produced in lax panicles on much-branched stems, 9in. to 18in. high; fragrant. August. l. ovate, cordate, toothed. A distinct seedling from C. c. turbinata. See Fig. 341.

FIG. 342. CAMPANULA CARPATHICA TURBINATA.

C. C. turbinata (top-shaped).* fl. nearly 2in. across, erect; corolla deep purple, campanulate. Summer. l. ovate, rigid, greyish-green, toothed, and pointed, with cordate bases, in stiff tufts. Stems short, erect. h. 6in. to 12in. Transylvania, 1868. Borders or rockery. See Figs. 339 and 342. There is also a desirable variety named pallida, with very pale purple flowers.

C. c. t. Hendersoni (Henderson's). fl. rich mauve, in large pyramidal racemes, rather open. July to September. l., lower ones cordate, or ovate cordate, slightly crenulated, on long stalks; upper ones oblong, sessile. h. 1ft. Very handsome hybrid for borders.

C. caucasica (Caucasian). fl. few, terminal and axillary, drooping; corollas glabrous outside, but bearded inside, of a violaceous-blue colour. July. l. crenulated; lower ones obovate, obtuse, petiolate; upper ones lanceolate, sessile. Stems erect, branched, terete, scabrous, pilose. h. 6in. to 9in. Caucasus, 1804. Rockery; very pretty.

C. celtidifolia (Nettle-tree-leaved).* A synonym of C. lactiflora.

C. cenisia (Mont Cenis).* fl. deep blue, solitary, terminal, erect. June. l. entire; radical ones rosulate, obovate, obtuse; cauline ones ovate-oblong. Stems numerous, glabrous, or slightly pilose. h. 3in. Italy, &c., 1775. A rare little rockery gem, requiring a deep gritty loam and leaf soil, between stones. (A. F. P. 3, 6.)

C. Cervicaria. Throatwort. fl. blue, pilose outside; heads terminal, round, bracteate. July. l. crenately serrated; radical ones linear-lanceolate, bluntish, on short petioles; cauline ones linear-acuminated. Stem simple. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Mountains of Europe, 1768. Biennial. Borders. (L. B. C. 452.)

C. collina (hill).* fl. deep blue, funnel-shaped, few, secund, disposed in a long raceme. July. l., lower ones on long petioles, ovate-oblong, crenulated; middle ones lanceolate; upper ones linear-acuminated. Stems simple, rather pilose. h. 1ft. Caucasus, 1803. Borders. (B. M. 927.)

C. colorata (coloured). fl. purple; corolla tubular, velvety; peduncles elongated, terminal and axillary. September. l. scattered, lanceolate, acute, repandly denticulated. Stem branched, downy. Sikkim Himalayas, 1849. This requires frame protection during winter. (B. M. 4555.)

C. dichotoma (forked). fl. bluish-purple, with a paler tube, drooping, terminal, solitary in the forks of the branches and stem. July. l., cauline ones ovate, acute, a little crenated. Stem erect, with dichotomous branches. Plant clothed with stiff hairs. h. 6in. South-western Europe, 1820. Annual. Borders. (S. F. G. 211.)

C. drabifolia (Draba-leaved). fl. pedicellate, opposite the leaves; corolla inflated, with a white tube and a violaceous-blue limb. July. l. elliptic-oblong, toothed. Stem many times forked, slightly erect. Plant hispid. h. 3in. Island of Samos, 1823. Annual. Rockery. (S. F. G. 215.)

C. Elatines (Elatine).* fl. scattered over the upper part of the plant, sometimes racemose, and sometimes panicled; corollas bluish-purple. June to August. l. cordate, coarsely and acutely toothed, ovate-acute; lower ones roundish. Stem branched. Plant downy. h. 3in. to 6in. Piedmont, 1823. Rockery. (A. F. P. 3, 7.)

C. Erinus (Erinus).* fl. terminal and axillary, situated in the angles of the forks of the branches; corollas of a pale bluish-rose-colour, or white, pilose at the base, tubular. May to August. l. obovate or ovate, toothed. Stem much branched. Plant hispid. h. 3in. to 9in. Europe, 1768. Annual. Rockery. (S. F. G. 214.)

C. excisa (excised). fl. drooping; stem one-flowered; corollas blue, funnel-shaped. June. l. entire, or remotely-denticulated, linear-acuminated. Stems numerous, erect, slender, simple, naked at top. h. 3in. to 6in. Switzerland and Transylvania, 1820. Rockery. A rare species, requiring to be treated like cenisia. (L. B. C. 561.)

C. floribunda (many-flowered). A synonym of C. isophylla.

C. fragilis (fragile).* fl. clear lilac-purple, white in the centre, solitary or in pairs, axillary, erect, or nearly so, on spreading branches. July and August. l., radical ones reniform, or roundish-cordate, rather deeply lobed; cauline ones broadly-ovate, slightly cordate, all stalked. h. 4in. to 6in. South Italy. SYN. C. Barrelierii. (B. M. 6504.)

C. garganica (Gargano).* fl. axillary, in fascicles; corollas blue, rotate, deeply five-lobed. May to September. l., radical ones reniform, on long petioles; cauline ones cordate, all crenately toothed, downy. h. 3in. to 6in. Italy, 1832. An extremely variable species. Rockery, in rich sandy loam. (B. R. 1768.)

FIG. 343. FLOWER-SPIKE OF
CAMPANULA GLOMERATA.