[83] (p. [251]).—Nicholas de la Mothe, or de la Motte le Vilin. After his capture by the English, he was among those taken to Virginia, and finally sent back to France. In 1618, he came with Champlain to Canada, where he remained during the following winter.
[84] (p. [251]).—Champlain says (Laverdière's ed., pp. 61, 1307), that Virginia was at first called Mocosa by the English. Ortelius's map of 1570 shows Mocosa lying southwest of New France; and his second map (1572) names the region south of the St. Lawrence and east of the Richelieu River, Moscosa. Biard (Relation of 1616) seems to apply this name to the region of Chesapeake Bay.
[85] (p. [253]).—A group of islands 25 leagues from St. Sauveur, according to Biard's Relation of 1616, post; but 16 leagues, according to Champlain (Laverdiere's ed., p. 773). Apparently the Matinic or Matinicus Islands (also spelled Emmetinic). See also Emmetenic, on p. [31] of this volume.
[86] (p. [253]).—Argall's ship was named "Treasurer." Champlain says (Laverdière's ed., p. 773), that ten other English ships were approaching, but without the knowledge of the French; these, however, were probably part of the usual fishing fleet, and not directly under Argall's command.
[87] (p. [255]).—English heretic: Captain Samuel Argall, of Virginia, afterwards governor of that colony (see vol. i., note [63]): during the first quarter of the 17th century, prominent as an English naval commander. His mother was married a second time, to Laurence Washington, an ancestor of George Washington. His destruction of the French settlements has been bitterly censured by some writers, as the act of a buccaneer and pirate; but he was commissioned to do this by the Virginia colonial authorities, who afterwards declared that, in the encounter at St. Sauveur, the first shot was fired by the French. A letter was written by Montmorency, admiral of France, to King James of England, October 28, 1613, asking for the release of the Jesuit fathers, and redress for the injuries done to the property of Madame de Guercheville. The Virginia Council, when called to account for Argall's doings, made a spirited reply in his and their own defense; and the English Privy Council refused to make any reparation to Madame de Guercheville, alleging that "her ship entered by force the territory of the said colony [Virginia] to settle there, and to trade without their permission." These documents are given in Brown's Genesis of the United States, pp. 573, 664, 665, 725-734. Cf. "Aspinwall Papers," pp. 41-46, in Mass. Hist. Colls., 4th series, vol. ix. The ship, however, was afterwards restored (see Biard's Relation of 1616, post).
[88] (p. [259]).—This pilot is called Le Bailleur, of Rouen, in Biard's Relation of 1616. Charlevoix (Shea's ed., vol. i., pp. 280-281) erroneously confounds him with one Lamets, named by Champlain as among the five who escaped from the ship, but after the pilot had left it on his reconnoitring trip. These men seem to have later joined the pilot, as he had 14 men when he encountered La Saussaye.
[89] (p. [261]).—See vol. i., note [66].
[90] (p. [263]).—Orignac, in the original; see note [34], ante.
[91] (p. [263]).—Passepec, shown on Sanson's map (1656), as Paspey; on Bellin's (1744) and D'Anville's (1746), as Paspebiac; named Sheet Harbor on Gesner's (1849).
[92] (p. [265]).—This allusion is a word-play upon Argall's name—argali being an appellation of the wild ram (Ovis aries), found in the mountains of Greece, in Corsica, and in the steppes of Tartary.