[73] (p. [225]).—Josse, the priest Jessé Fléché; see vol. i., note [25].
[74] (p. [233]).—Probably referring to the anonymous author of the Factum; see post, Relation of 1616, chap. x., and note 97, on the Factum.
[75] (p. [233]).—Robin de Coulogne; see vol. i., notes [31], [37].
[76] (p. [235]).—This man, whom Champlain calls Simon Imbert Sandrier, is said by Biard (chap. xx., post) to have been formerly a tavern keeper at Paris.
[77] (p. [245]).—Chiquebi, the "MicMac potato," as Bourinot calls it (Canad. Mo., vol. vii., p. 292); the ground-nut, sgabun or segubbun, in the Micmac tongue. See note [35], ante; also Trumbull, in Conn. Hist. Colls., vol. ii., p. 26.
[78] (p. [247]).—Father Jacques Quentin, born in February, 1572, at Abbeville, France; entered the order of Jesuits, June 30, 1604. He was appointed at the close of his novitiate, professor at Bourges; here and at Rouen he remained three years; and in 1609 he was sent to the college of Eu, as acting superior. Four years later, he went to Acadia. After returning to France he devoted himself to preaching in cities and villages. In 1616, he became a "spiritual coadjutor" in his order—according to Littré, one who publicly takes the three religious vows, but not the fourth, which is to go on whatever mission he may be sent. His death occurred April 18, 1647.—See Rochemonteix's Jésuites, vol. i., p. 83, note.
[79] (p. [247]).—These colonial experiments were not, for a long time, favorably regarded by the Protestants, or by most Catholics. Sully, minister of Henry IV., says in his Memoirs (Bonn's ed., London, 1856), vol. ii., p. 453: "The colony that was sent to Canada this year (1603) was among the number of those things that had not my approbation; there was no kind of riches to be expected from all those countries of the New World which are beyond the fortieth degree of latitude. His majesty gave the conduct of this expedition to the Sieur du Mont."
[80] (p. [249]).—Louis Hébert, born at Paris, an apothecary, was one of Pontrincourt's colony at Port Royal. In 1617, he returned to Canada with his family, at Champlain's request, as one of the latter's colonists at Quebec. He was the first settler with a family, and the first at Quebec to cultivate the soil as a means of livelihood; and on this account has sometimes been called "the father of Canada,"—an appellation also given, and with even more propriety, to Champlain. His dwelling was the first in Upper Town, and, according to Ferland (Cours d'Histoire, vol. i., p. 190), was between the present Ste. Famille and Couillard streets.—Cf. Laverdière's Champlain, p. 988. He was in many ways prominent in the early history of the colony. In 1621, he bore the title of "royal procurator." In 1622, he was, according to Champlain, in Tadoussac, acting as commander of De Caen's ship during the latter's temporary absence. In 1626, the fief of St. Joseph, on the river St. Charles, was granted by Ventadour to Hébert, under the title of Sieur d'Espinay. In January, 1627, a fall caused Hébert's death; he was buried in the cemetery of the Récollets, by whom, as well as by Champlain, he seems to have been greatly esteemed.—See Sagard's Canada, pp. 590, 591. When Quebec was taken by the English, in 1629, Louis Kirk, at Champlain's solicitation, sent a guard of soldiers to protect the widow Hébert's house, as well as the mission chapels. Many distinguished Canadian families trace their descent from Hébert; as is shown in Tanguay's Dictionnaire Généalogique (Montreal, 1871-90), vol. i., p. 301.—Cf. Ferland's Cours d'Histoire, vol. i., p. 180, note. His daughter Anne married Stephen Jonquest, in the autumn of 1617—this was the first marriage in Canada according to church rites, and was performed by the Récollet Father Le Caron; she died in 1620. Another daughter, Guillemette, married William Couillard, August 26, 1621; she died in October, 1684. An island in the harbor of Port Royal was named for Hébert, but is now known as Bear Island.
[81] (p. [249]).—The name given by the natives to the river now called Kenduskeag, apparently a corruption of Kadesquit. It enters the Penobscot near the present city of Bangor, on which site Biard and Massé had intended to establish their mission. See Champlain's Voyages (Prince Soc.), vol. i., p. 42.