Nicholson, Sir Francis (1660-1728). Born in England. Entered the army, 1678; lieutenant-governor of the colonies north of Chesapeake Bay, 1686-1689; and lieutenant-governor of Virginia, 1690-1694. Governor of Maryland, 1694; and of Virginia, 1698-1705. From 1705 to 1713 engaged in military operations against the French in Canada, and, by capturing Port Royal, made Acadia British territory. In 1712 appointed governor of Nova Scotia; and in 1719 of South Carolina. Subsequently appointed commander-in-chief of the forces in North America, and a lieutenant-general. Index: F Lieutenant-governor of New York, 263; uprising against, 266. Bib.: Dict. Nat. Biog.; Campbell, History of Nova Scotia; Parkman, Half Century of Conflict.
Nicolet, Jean (1598-1642). Born at Cherbourg, Normandy. Came to Canada, 1618, and the same year sent to the Algonquians of Allumette Island, on the Ottawa, to learn their language. Remained with the tribe two years; and afterwards spent eight or nine years with the Nipissings, gaining so much of their confidence that he was made a member of the tribe and took part in their councils. His memoirs on this tribe, furnished to Father Le Jeune, were embodied in the Jesuit Relations. Returned to Quebec, 1633, after an absence of fifteen years. There met Champlain, who sent him west once more, in 1634. Reached Green Bay the same year, and ascended Fox River to the Wisconsin portage. The following year returned to Quebec, and employed as commissary of the fur trade, and interpreter at Three Rivers, till his death. Index: Ch Arrives in Canada, 144. Bib.: Butterfield, Discovery of the North-West by Jean Nicolet; Parkman, Pioneers of France.
Ninety-Two Resolutions. P Drafted by Morin—embodied the grievances of Papineau and his followers, 85; inspired by Papineau, 85-86; their intemperate language, 89-93; real grievances set forth, 94-96; voiced complaints and indignation of the people, 99; criticized by Lord Aylmer, 106. BL Denounce Upper House, 21; Cuvillier votes against, 86. Bib.: Christie, History of Lower Canada.
Nipigon Lake. Discovered by Charles de Greysolon, Sieur de La Tourette, brother of Du Lhut, about 1678. Built several trading-posts on or near the lake, between 1678 and 1686. La Vérendrye had charge of these forts in 1727-1728, and acquired there much of the information which induced him to undertake his long search for the Western Sea. In 1784 Édouard Umfreville was sent by the North West Company to discover a canoe route from the lake west to the Winnipeg River. The narrative of his successful expedition is in the archives of McGill University.
Nipisiguit. Ch Jesuit mission at, 235.
Nipissing Indians. A tribe of the widespread Algonquian family, occupying the upper waters of the Ottawa River, and the country about Lake Nipissing. First mentioned and described by Champlain, who calls them the Nebecerini. The name also appears, in ever-varying form, in the narratives of other early French explorers and missionaries. Parkman mentions that they were also known as Sorciers, from their ill repute as magicians. Index: Ch Indian tribe alleged to be sorcerers, 77. Bib.: Hodge, Handbook of North American Indians; Parkman, Pioneers of France.
Nipissing Lake. Named after the Algonquian tribe of the same name. Discovered by the Récollet missionary Le Caron in 1615, on his way to the country of the Hurons. Traversed by Champlain the same year. Constant references are made to the lake in the early journals of explorers, missionaries, and fur traders. It formed part of the western route of the fur traders under both French and British rule. Index: Ch Visited by Champlain, 88.
Nipissirini. See Nipissing.
Noble, Colonel Arthur. A Massachusetts officer, sent by Governor Shirley in 1746 to oppose Ramesay in Acadia. Occupied Grand Pré without opposition, Ramesay having retreated to Chignecto. In February of the following year a party of Canadians and Indians under Coulon de Villiers surprised the British garrison at Grand Pré, and in the fight Noble and his brother, with a large number of men, were killed, and the rest forced to capitulate. Bib.: Parkman, Half Century of Conflict; Hannay, History of Acadia.
Nomenclature. D Of Pacific coast, largely due to Vancouver, 34, 36; Spanish, 36. Bib.: Walbran, British Columbia Coast Names.