ENDNOTES:
(1) "Skin-changers" were universally believed in once, in
Iceland no less than elsewhere, as see Ari in several places
of his history, especially the episode of Dufthach and
Storwolf o' Whale. Men possessing the power of becoming
wolves at intervals, in the present case compelled so to
become, wer-wolves or "loupsgarou", find large place in
medieval story, but were equally well-known in classic
times. Belief in them still lingers in parts of Europe
where wolves are to be found. Herodotus tells of the Neuri,
who assumed once a year the shape of wolves; Pliny says that
one of the family of Antaeus, chosen by lot annually, became
a wolf, and so remained for nine years; Giraldus Cambrensis
will have it that Irishmen may become wolves; and Nennius
asserts point-blank that "the descendants of wolves are
still in Ossory;" they retransform themselves into wolves
when they bite. Apuleius, Petronius, and Lucian have
similar stories. The Emperor Sigismund convoked a council
of theologians in the fifteenth century who decided that
wer-wolves did exist.
(2) Byrny (A.S. "byrne"), corslet, cuirass.
(3) "Norns came to him." Nornir are the fates of the northern
mythology. They are three—"Urd", the past; "Verdandi",
the present; and "Skuld", the future. They sit beside the
fountain of Urd ("Urdarbrunur"), which is below one of the
roots of "Yggdrasil", the world-tree, which tree their
office it is to nourish by sprinkling it with the waters of
the fountain.
CHAPTER IX. How Helgi, the son of Sigmund, won King Hodbrod and his Realm, and wedded Sigrun.
Now the tale tells that Helgi in his warring met a king hight Hunding, a mighty king, and lord of many men and many lands; they fell to battle together, and Helgi went forth mightily, and such was the end of that fight that Helgi had the victory, but King Hunding fell and many of his men with him; but Helgi is deemed to have grown greatly in fame because he had slain so mighty a king.
Then the sons of Hunding draw together a great army to avenge their father. Hard was the fight betwixt them; but Helgi goes through the folk of those brothers unto their banner, and there slays these sons of Hunding, Alf and Eyolf, Herward and Hagbard, and wins there a great victory.
Now as Helgi fared from the fight, he met a many women right fair and worthy to look on, who rode in exceeding noble array; but one far excelled them all; then Helgi asked them the name of that their lady and queen, and she named herself Sigrun, and said she was daughter of King Hogni.
Then said Helgi, "Fare home with us: good welcome shall ye have!"
Then said the king's daughter, "Other work lies before us than to drink with thee."
"Yea, and what work, king's daughter?" said Helgi.
She answers, "King Hogni has promised me to Hodbrod, the son of King Granmar, but I have vowed a vow that I will have him to my husband no more than if he were a crow's son and not a king's; and yet will the thing come to pass, but and if thou standest in the way thereof, and goest against him with an army, and takest me away withal; for verily with no king would I rather bide on bolster than with thee."