American, i.e. “lingua geral”: a name for the Guarani, or native vernacular dialect of Brazil, as mingled with Portuguese.
German.
A word of very doubtful etymology, used for:—
(1) German: the typical language of modern High-Dutch, which is naturally derived from the ancient Alemannic, and allied to Gothic, which, however, is classed as Low-German. It is, in many dialects, the vernacular speech of the Empire of Germany, Prussia, Austria, Bavaria, &c. The form of its printed letters is of the class called Gothic, and both closely resemble Old English black-letter, but the use of Roman letter is gaining ground. Dictys. by Heyse, Hilpert, Sanders, Flügel, Grimm, Lucas, &c., Grammars by Grimm, Kehrein, &c.
(2) Old High-German. See Massmann: “Gedrängtes althochdeutsches Wörterb.,” Berlin, 1846. See [Germanic].
(3) Middle High-German. See Benecke: “Wörterb.,” 4 vols., Leipsig, 1854-60; Ziemann, 1838. See [Germanic].
(4) New High-German. See [Lutheran].
(5) Dialects. See Jülg’s “Vater,” pp. 84-93; Works by Hoefer, Schmeller, Weinhold, &c.
(6) Nieder Platt-Deutsch, or Low-German. See [Dutch].