[61] One of the Melanospermeæ; Ibid. p. 36.
[62] Creatures belonging to the class Lammellibranchiata; see Contemporary Review, September, 1879, pp. 30 and 43.
[63] The truffle may be generally regarded rather as the fruit of a plant than as an entire plant, and yet in some of the group the rest of the plant (which is called the Mycelium) is quite rudimentary, or even absent.
[64] There are climbers in Brazil, the roots of which, descending around the trunk of the tree supporting them, clasp the latter with such a deadly embrace that it dies and decays. In the meantime, the descending roots (having become fixed in the ground) swell and meet so as to form a new and irregularly-shaped trunk of solid wood, which has thus (by an inverted process) grown downwards instead of upwards. There are other such creepers in the East which have a wide-spreading downward growth (see Wallace’s “Malay Archipelago,” vol. i. p. 131).
[65] Creatures belonging to the group Rhizopoda; see Contemporary Review for September, 1879, pp. 35 and 43.
[66] One of the lowest of the Rhizopoda; Ibid. p. 36.
[67] A class of Hypozoa; see Contemporary Review for September, 1879, pp. 35 and 43.
[68] Ibid. pp. 31 and 43.
[69] Ibid. p. 35, and Archiv für Mikroskop. Anatomie, vol. xv. Heft 3, plate xx.
[70] See Contemporary Review, September, 1879, p. 31.