Total number of copies of our newspapers and periodicals circulated in the United States in 1860, 927,951,548, exceeding that of all the rest of the world.
Let us now recapitulate the results from our Census, founded on a comparison of the Slave and Free States.
| Massachusetts.—Free State. | Maryland.—Slave State. |
|---|
| Area, 7,800 square miles | 11,124 square miles. |
| Population in 1790, 378,717 | 319,728. |
| Population in 1860, 1,231,066 | 687,049. |
| Products in 1859, $287,000,000 | $66,000,000. |
| Products per capita, $235 | $96. |
| Railroads, 1,340 miles | 380 miles. |
| Railroads cost, $61,857,203 | $21,387,157. |
| Freight of 1860, $500,524,201 | $101,111,348. |
| Tonnage built in 1860, 34,460 tons | $101,111,348. |
| Bank capital, $64,519,200 | $12,568,962. |
| Imports and exports, $58,190,816 | $12,568,962. |
| Value of property, $815,237,433 | $376,919,944. |
| Gross profit on capital, 35 per cent | $376,919,944. |
| Copies of press circulated in 1860, 102,000,760 | 20,723,472. |
| Pupils at public schools in 1860, 176,475 | 33,254. |
| Volumes in public libraries, 684,015 | 125,042. |
| Value of churches, $10,206,000 | $3,947,884. |
| | |
| New York.—Free State. | Virginia.—Slave State. |
| Area, 47,000 square miles | 61,392 square miles. |
| Population in 1790, 340,120 | 748,308. |
| Population in 1860, 3,880,735 | 748,308. |
| Product of 1859, $606,000,000 | $120,000,000. |
| Per capita, $156 | $75. |
| Gross profit on capital, 34 per cent | 15 per cent. |
| Value per acre of farm lands, $38.26 | $11.91. |
| Railroads, 2,842 miles | 1,771 miles. |
| Railroads, cost of construction, $138,395,055 | $64,958,807. |
| Freight in 1860, $579,681,790 | $110,000,000. |
| Canals, 1,038 miles | 178 miles. |
| Canals, cost, $67,567,972 | $7,817,000. |
| Tonnage built in 1860, 31,936 | 4,372. |
| Bank capital, $111,441,320 | $16,005,156. |
| Exports and imports, 1860, $394,045,326 | $7,184,273. |
| Copies of press circulated in 1860, 320,980,884 | 26,772,518. |
| Pupils at public schools in 1860, 675,221 | 67,428. |
| Volumes in public libraries, 1,760,820 | 88,462. |
| Value of churches, $21,539,561 | $2,002,220. |
| Percentage of native free population who cannot read or write, 1.87 | 19.90. |
Compare the column as regards Virginia with the returns for Pennsylvania, and the result is nearly as remarkable as that of New York.