[687] Arnaud Cardinal d'Ossat (1536-1604), Bishop of Rennes, later of Bayeux, Ambassador to Rome from Henry III. and Henry IV. He obtained the papal absolution for Henry IV. and received the cardinal's hat and the See of Bayeux as his reward (1599). His Letters (1624) are regarded as a classic among diplomatists.—T.
[688] Hugo de Groot (1583-1645), known as Grotius, the famous Dutch jurist and founder of the science of international law. His principal work. De Jure belli et pacis, was published in 1625.—T.
[689] Samuel Baron von Pufendorf (1632-1692), a noted German jurist and publicist. His De Jure naturæ et gentium was published in 1672.—T.
[690] The Treaties of Munster and Osnabrück, culminating in the general Peace signed at Munster on the 24th of October 1648, which ended the Thirty Years' War.—T.
[691] Maria (Sophia) Feodorowna of Wurtemberg-Mümpelgard, Empress of Russia (1759-1828), widow of Paul I. and mother of Alexander I. and Nicholas I. She died in the night of 4-5 November 1828.—B.
[692] Nicholas, the third son of Paul I., succeeded his brother Alexander in 1825, the second son, Constantine, having renounced his right of succession. The first year of his reign was marked by a military revolt which was immediately suppressed.—T.
[693] I am inclined here to echo a footnote by M. Edmond Biré, who says:
"The readers, I hope, will not skip a line of this Memorandum, a master-piece of logic and patriotism and, which is no detriment, a master-piece of style. Chateaubriand has written no pages that do him more honour."
[694] Louis Desprez (b. 1799), a young sculptor, had won the Prix de Rome in 1826. The bas-relief which he carved for Poussin's tomb, copying the Arcadian Shepherds, is one of his finest works.—T.
[695] Paul Lemoyne (1784—circa 1860), known as Lemoyne-Saint-Paul, a French sculptor of some merit.—T.