CONTENTS

Page
PREFATORY CHAPTER[vii]
NOTE (1897)[xlv]
AREA AND POPULATION OF THE SEVERAL COLONIES, REPUBLICS AND TERRITORIES IN SOUTH AFRICA[lv]
DATES OF SOME IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA[lvii]
INTRODUCTION[lix]
PART I
NATURE
CHAPTER I
PHYSICAL FEATURES
The Coast Strip and the Great Plateau[4]
Mountain-ranges[6]
Climate[8]
The Absence of Rivers[9]
CHAPTER II
HEALTH
Temperature[12]
Dryness of the Air[13]
Malarial Fevers[13]
CHAPTER III
WILD ANIMALS AND THEIR FATE
Original Abundance of Wild Creatures[17]
Their Extinction: the Lion, Elephant, and Rhinoceros[18]
Recent Attempts at Protection[22]
CHAPTER IV
VEGETATION
Character of the South African Flora[24]
Native and Imported Trees[26]
Changes made by Man in the Landscape[32]
CHAPTER V
PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE VARIOUS POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF THE COUNTRY
Cape Colony[33]
Natal[35]
German and Portuguese Africa[36]
The Orange Free State and the South African Republic[38]
Bechuanaland and the Territories of the British South Africa Company[40]
CHAPTER VI
NATURE AND HISTORY
Influence of Physical Conditions on the Savage Races[44]
Slow Progress of Early European Settlement[45]
Later Explorations along the Interior Plateau[47]
CHAPTER VII
ASPECTS OF SCENERY
Dryness and Monotony of South African Landscape[50]
Striking Pieces of Scenery: Basutoland, Manicaland[51]
Peculiar Charm of South Africa: Colour and Solitude[53]
Influence of Scenery on Character[57]
PART II
HISTORY
CHAPTER VIII
THE NATIVES: HOTTENTOTS, BUSHMEN, AND KAFIRS
The Aborigines: Bushmen and Hottentots[63]
The Bantu or Kafir Tribes[67]
CHAPTER IX
OUT OF THE DARKNESS—ZIMBABWYE
Ancient Walls in Matabililand and Mashonaland[70]
Dhlodhlo: Chipadzi's Grave[71]
The Great Zimbabwye[75]
Theories as to the Builders of the Ancient Walls[78]
CHAPTER X
THE KAFIRS: HISTORY AND INSTITUTIONS
The Kafirs before their Struggles with the Europeans[83]
Careers of Dingiswayo and Tshaka[84]
Results of the Zulu Conquests[85]
Kafir Institutions[87]
War, Religion, Sorcery[89]
Stagnation and Cruelty of Primitive Kafir Life[93]
CHAPTER XI
THE EUROPEANS IN SOUTH AFRICA TILL 1854
The Portuguese at Sofala[99]
The Dutch at the Cape: The French Huguenots[102]
The Africander Type of Life and Character[104]
Disaffection of the Dutch Settlers[108]
British Occupation of the Cape[109]
Features of British Administration[110]
Boer Discontent and Its Causes[112]
The Great Trek of 1836[115]
Adventures of the Emigrant Boers[117]
The Boers and the British in Natal[119]
The Boers in the Interior: Beginnings of the Two Dutch Republics[122]
British Advance: the Orange River Sovereignty[129]
The Sand River Convention of 1852: Independence of the Transvaal Boers[130]
The Bloemfontein Convention of 1854: Independence of the Orange Free State[132]
CHAPTER XII
THE EUROPEANS IN SOUTH AFRICA, 1854-95
Progress of Cape Colony: Material and Political[134]
Grant of Responsible Government in 1872[139]
Kafir Wars: Causes of their Frequent Recurrence[139]
Renewed British Advance: Basutoland[140]
The Delagoa Bay Arbitration[146]
First Scheme of South African Confederation[148]
The Zulu War of 1879[149]
Formation of the Transvaal Republic[151]
Annexation of the Transvaal[154]
Revolt of the Transvaal: its Independence Restored[160]
Boers and British in Bechuanaland[165]
The Conventions of 1884 and 1894: Swaziland[168]
German Occupation of Damaraland[169]
The British South Africa Company; Acquisition of Mashonaland and Matabililand[170]
Recent History of the Transvaal: the Rising of 1895[174]
PART III
A JOURNEY THROUGH SOUTH AFRICA
CHAPTER XIII
TRAVELLING AND COMMUNICATIONS
Communications along the Coast[179]
Lines of Railroad[180]
Travelling by Ox-waggon[182]
CHAPTER XIV
FROM CAPE TOWN TO BULAWAYO
The Voyage to the Cape[188]
Cape Town and its Environs[190]
The Journey Inland: Scenery of the Karroo[193]
Kimberley and its Diamond-fields[196]
Northward through Bechuanaland[201]
Khama: his Town and his People[207]
Mangwe and the Matoppo Hills[212]
CHAPTER XV
MATABILILAND AND MASHONALAND
Bulawayo and Lo Bengula[216]
The Natives: Causes of the Rising of 1896[223]
The Native Labour Question[224]
Dhlodhlo: Scenery of the Hill-country[227]
Gwelo and the Track to Fort Victoria[232]
Ruins of Great Zimbabwye[234]
Fort Salisbury[240]
CHAPTER XVI
FROM FORT SALISBURY TO THE SEA—MANICALAND AND THE PORTUGUESE TERRITORIES
Scenery of Eastern Mashonaland[242]
Antiquities at the Lezapi River[245]
Among the Mountains: Falls of the Oudzi River[250]
Mtali and the Portuguese Border[251]
Chimoyo and the Eastern Slope[257]
Descent of the Pungwe River to Beira[261]
CHAPTER XVII
RESOURCES AND FUTURE OF MATABILILAND AND MASHONALAND
General Features of the British South Africa Company's Territories[268]
Health, Wealth, and Peace[269]
Form of Government Recently Established[277]
Results of British Extension in the North[279]
CHAPTER XVIII
THROUGH NATAL TO THE TRANSVAAL
Delagoa Bay[281]
Durban and Pietermaritzburg[283]
The Government and Politics of Natal[284]
Laing's Nek and Majuba Hill[291]
The Witwatersrand and Its Gold-fields[296]
Johannesburg and Pretoria[304]
CHAPTER XIX
THE ORANGE FREE STATE
Bloemfontein[313]
Constitution and Politics of the Free State[315]
CHAPTER XX
BASUTOLAND: THE SWITZERLAND OF SOUTH AFRICA
Across the Free State to the Caledon River[319]
The Missionaries and the Chiefs: Lerothodi[322]
The Ascent of Mount Machacha[325]
Thaba Bosiyo and its History[330]
Condition and Prospects of the Basuto Nation[336]
PART IV
SOME SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTIONS
CHAPTER XXI
BLACKS AND WHITES
Relative Numbers and Influence of Each[345]
Social Condition and Habits of the Blacks[350]
Aversion of the Whites for the Blacks[353]
Civil and Legal Rights of the Blacks[355]
What the Future of the Blacks is likely to be[365]
CHAPTER XXII
MISSIONS
Influence of Religious Ideas on Various Races[370]
How the Natives Receive the Missionaries[371]
Slow Progress of Mission Work[373]
What may be hoped for[377]
CHAPTER XXIII
SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BRITISH COLONIES
The Dutch and the English: the Dutch Language[379]
Placidity of South African Life[383]
Literature, Journalism, Education[386]
The Churches[389]
CHAPTER XXIV
POLITICS IN THE BRITISH COLONIES
The Frame of Colonial Government[392]
Absence of Some Familiar Political Issues[396]
Real Issues: Race and Colour Questions[399]
General Character of Cape Politics[400]
CHAPTER XXV
THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE TRANSVAAL IN 1895
The Old Boers and the New Immigrants[405]
Constitution and Government of the Republic[409]
Uitlander Discontent: the National Reform Union[413]
The Capitalists: Preparations for a Revolution[416]
President Kruger and His Policy[420]
The Chances for the Movement: Causes of its Failure[424]
CHAPTER XXVI
ECONOMIC PROSPECTS
Material Resources: Tillage and Pasture[433]
Minerals: the Gold-fields and their Duration[437]
Will Manufactures be Developed?[442]
South Africa as a Market for Goods[446]
Future Population: its Increase and Character[447]
CHAPTER XXVII
REFLECTIONS AND FORECASTS
Sources of the Troubles of South Africa[453]
The Friction of Dutch and English: and its Causes[454]
British Policy in its Earlier and Later Phases[458]
Future Relations of the European and Native Races[463]
International Position of South Africa[467]
The Future Relations of Boers and Englishmen[469]
Prospects of South African Confederation[472]
South Africa and Britain[474]
APPENDIX
The Transvaal Convention of 1881[479]
The Transvaal Convention of 1884[488]
INDEX[495]

AREA AND POPULATION OF THE SEVERAL COLONIES, REPUBLICS AND TERRITORIES IN SOUTH AFRICA

AREA IN SQUARE MILES.POPULATION IN 1891.
European.Coloured.Total.
British—
Cape Colony (including
Walfish Bay)		277,000 382,198 1,383,762 1,765,960
Basutoland10,293578218,624219,202
Bechuanaland
(Protectorate)		200,000(?)800(?)200,000(?)——
Natal20,46146,788497,125543,913
Zululand12,500(?)1,100179,270(?)180,370
Tongaland (British)2,000(?)none20,000(?)——
Territories of British
South Africa Company,
south of the
Zabesi (Matabililand
and Mashonaland)		142,0007,000
(1899)		(?)
unknown——
Independent—
South African Republic
(Transvaal)		119,139 245,397(?)622,500(?)867,897
Swaziland (dependent
on South African
Republic)		8,500900(?)55,000(?)——
Orange Free State48,32677,716129,787207,503
Portuguese East Africa300,000(?)10,000(?)3,100,000(?)——
German South West
Africa		320,000(?)2,025
(1896)		200,000(?)——

DATES OF SOME IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA

A.D.
Bartholomew Diaz discovers the Cape of Good Hope1486
Vasco da Gama explores the East Coast of Africa1497-8
The Dutch appear in the South African Seas1595
First Dutch settlement in Table Bay1652
Arrival of French Huguenot settlers1689
Beginning of the Exploration of the Interior1700
First Kafir War1779
First British occupation of the Cape1795-1803
Second British occupation of the Cape1806
Cession of Cape Colony to Britain1814
Conquests of Tshaka, the Zulu King1812-1828
Arrival of a body of British settlers1820
First British settlement in Natal1824
English made the official language in Cape Colony1825-1828
Equal Rights ordinance in favour of the Natives1828
Emancipation of the Slaves1834
Sixth Kafir War1834
Emigration of the discontented Boers (the Great Trek)1836-7
Conquest of Matabililand by Mosilikatze1837
The emigrant Boers occupy Natal1838
British occupation and annexation of Natal1843
Two native "buffer States" created in the interior1843
Seventh Kafir War; province of British Kaffraria created1847
Orange River Sovereignty created1848
Recognition of the Independence of the Transvaal Boers (Sand River Convention)1852
Recognition of the Independence of the Orange River Boers (Bloemfontein Convention)1854
Representative Government established in Cape Colony1854
Establishment of a Constitution for the South African Republic1855-1858
Proclamation of a Protectorate over Basutoland1868
Discovery of diamonds on the Lower Vaal River1869
British occupation and annexation of Griqualand West1871
Responsible Government granted to Cape Colony1872
Delagoa Bay arbitration1872-1875
British annexation of the Transvaal1877
War with Cetewayo and conquest of Zululand1879
Retrocession of the Transvaal1881
Annexation of Southern and Protectorate over Northern Bechuanaland1884-1885
German occupation of Damaraland1884
Convention of London with the Transvaal Republic1884
Discovery of the Witwatersrand gold field1885
Foundation of the British South Africa Company1889
Conquest of Matabililand by the Company1893
Responsible Government granted to Natal1893
Protectorate declared over the Tonga Chiefs1894
Rising at Johannesburg and expedition of Dr. Jameson from Pitsani1895
Outbreak of war between Britain and the two Dutch RepublicsOct. 1899