Civitas Ambrosii, velut Troia, stabat,

Deos parum, homines minus formidabat.'

Poems relating to the Emperor Frederick of Hohenstaufen, published by Grimm.

[195] Charles the Great was canonized by Frederick's anti-pope and confirmed afterwards.

[196] Acta Concil. Hartzhem. iii., quoted by Von Raumer, ii. 6.

[197] Poems relating to Frederick I, ut supra.

[198] The carroccio was a waggon with a flagstaff planted on it, which served the Lombards for a rallying-point in battle.

[199] Lübeck, Hamburg, Bremen, and Frankfort.

[Since this was first written Frankfort has been annexed by Prussia, and her three surviving sisters have, by their entrance into the North German confederation, lost something of their independence.]

[200] The legend is one which appears under various forms in many countries.