The Gift of Black Folk: The Negroes in the Making of America

by W. E. B. Du Bois

[140] J. T. Wilson, The History of the Black Phalanx, Hartford, 1897, p. 490.

[141] Cf. Cromwell, Negro In American History, Chapter 2.

[142] J. W. Loguen, As a Slave and as a Freeman, p. 344.

[143] George W. Williams, History of the Negro Race in America, New York, 1882, Vol. 1, Chapter 15.

[144] Williams, Vol. 1, pp. 250-1.

[145] Williams, Vol. 2, pp. 255-7.

[146] Williams, Vol. 1, pp. 257-9.

[147] Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, Sept. 22, 1862.

[148] Atlanta University Publications, Atlanta, Ga., 1906, No. 8, p. 23.

[149] John Eaton, Grant, Lincoln and the Freedmen, New York, 1907, p. 134.