62. Arcadia had been called 'the mother of flocks' in the Homeric Hymn to Pan, and Polybius had described the softening effects of music upon its rude inhabitants. See some interesting remarks on the snbject by J. E. Sandys, in his lectures on the Revival of Learning, Cambridge, 1905; also J. P. Mahaffy, Rambles and Studies, ch. xii.
63. Having had occasion in the course of the following pages to call attention to certain inaccuracies of Ticknor's, I should like in this place to record my indebtedness to what still remains the standard history of Spanish literature. I have likewise made free use of Fitzmaurice-Kelly's admirable monograph.
64. Don Quixote, pt. ii. ch. 62.
65. Calderon wrote an early play on the tale of Cephalus and Procris, which met, it is said, with success. It was entitled Celos aun del aire matan, and was styled a 'fiesta cantada.' Later in life he parodied it in the 'comedia burlesca' entitled Cefalo y Pocris (sic). Neither play appears to have any connexion with the Cefalo of Niccolò da Correggio (v. post, ch. iii). Both are printed in the third volume of Calderon's comedies in the 'Biblioteca de autores españoles,' 1848-50. The Pastor fido will be found in vol. iv.
66. Mr. Gosse has protested against the use of such terms as 'exotic' in connexion with products of literary art, and no doubt the word has been not a little abused. I employ it in its strict sense of 'introduced from abroad, not indigenons,' and without implying any critical censure.
67. Though a Portuguese, and one of the most notable poets in his own dialect, much of his poetical work is in Castillan.
68. So, at least, Theophilo Braga interprets what he calls 'o drama amoroso das Eclogas,' in his monograph on Bernardim Ribeiro e o bucolismo. Porto, 1897.
69. Ticknor is responsible for an unfortunate error, and much consequent confusion, respecting this date. Some one had cited an imaginary edition of 1545. Of this Ticknor confessed ignorance, but stated that he had in his possession a copy consisting of 112 quarto leaves, printed at Valencia in 1542. This description applies exactly to the earliest edition extant in the British Museum, except in the matter of the date. There can be no doubt that this is a mistake. The date 1542 is intrinsically impossible. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, who himself dates the work 1558-9, points out that one of the songs refers to events which took place in 1554. The sudden crop of reprints, dated 1561 and 1562, proves the Diana to have been then a new book, and inclines me to place the actual publication somewhat after the date suggested by Kelly. I may mention that Ticknor is also in error over the date of Ribeiro's work, which he assigns to 1557.
70. See the collection of Latin student songs, Gaudeamus! Carmina uagorum selecta in usum laetitiae, Leipzig, 1879, p. 124.
71. The novels alluded to will be found in the Ecatommiti, I. i, Cent Nouvelles nouvelles, No. 82, and Novelle de' Novizi, No. 12.