[247] Palm-leaf thatch. [↑]

[248] Forbes mentions a “palm-leaf fringe” used in certain rites by the Kalangs of Java.—A Naturalist’s Wanderings, p. 101. [↑]

[249] “It is quite a common thing in Java to encounter by the wayside near a village, or in a rice-field, or below the shade of a great dark tree, a little platform with an offering of rice and prepared fruits to keep disease and blight at a distance and propitiate the spirits.”—A Naturalist’s Wanderings, Forbes, p. 103. [↑]

[250] In Selangor this custom is now obsolete.—Sel. Jour. vol. iii. No. 18, p. 294. [↑]

[251] The derivation of the name of this primitive Malay censer from the Sanskrit çankha (conch shell) has been pointed out (Maxwell, Malay Manual, p. 32). Forbes notes having seen in a sacred grove in Java “the remnants of small torches of sweet gums which had been offered.”—A Naturalist’s Wanderings, p. 97. [↑]

[252] J.R.A.S., S.B., No. 16, pp. 310–320. [↑]

[253] Cliff. and Swett., Malay Dict., s.v. Amang: “tourmaline, wolfram, and titaniferous iron-ore are all called by this name. They are all considered impurities, and tourmaline is the one most commonly met with.” [↑]

[254] The Malay was saperti ulat hidup, which would rather mean “like live maggots.”—W.S. [↑]

[255] Sel. Journ. vol. iii. No. 18, pp. 293, 294. [↑]

[256] Sel. Journ. vol. iv. No. 2, p. 26. [↑]