The following table gives the figures for the different crimes:

Austria, 1899.[100]

Crimes.To 100 Persons Convicted.
Illiterate.Able to Read.Able to Read and Write.Education.
Arson 44.2 2.6 53.2 0.0
Libel 41.7 0.8 57.1 0.4
Assault 40.5 1.4 58.0 0.1
Infanticide 39.5 2.6 57.9 0.0
Homicide 39.3 3.1 57.4 0.2
Robbery 35.0 1.6 63.4 0.0
Theft 32.6 1.2 65.7 0.5
All crimes 31.7 1.3 66.2 0.8
Fraud 30.8 1.3 66.2 2.7
Extortion 27.3 1.5 70.4 0.8
Malicious mischief 21.6 1.1 77.3 0.0
Threats 21.0 1.7 76.9 0.4
Leze majesty 19.7 1.6 76.2 2.5
Rape, etc. 17.2 1.7 79.3 1.8
Criminal breach of trust 6.0 0.2 86.4 7.4

Belgium, 1899–1901.

Years.Persons Convicted.
Illiterate.Able to Read or Write Imperfectly.Able to Read and Write.Having a Higher Education.Total.
1899 588 1389 424 144 2545
1900 626 1444 521 176 2767
1901 619 1581 604 218 3022
1899–1901 1833 4414 1549 538 8334
% 22.— 53.— 18.6 6.4 100.0

According to the census of 1900, 18% of the total male population over 15 years old were completely illiterate.[101]

In 1907 1.32% of the men and 1.75% of the women out of the total population could not sign their names.[102] [[428]]

France, 1882–1898.[103]

Years.To the 100 Prisoners there were on Entering PrisonNumber of Persons to the 100, who could not sign their Names when they Married.
Illiterate.Able to Read.Able to Read and Write.Able to Read, Write and Cipher.Having a Complete Primary Education.Having an Education Higher than Primary.
Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.
1882 27.60 38.04 12.62 15.41 30.56 32.36 21.17 13.01 6.24 0.87 1.81 0.31 14.4 22.6
1883 30.08 36.11 11.91 16.78 30.48 30.60 19.00 15.28 6.60 0.87 1.93 0.36 14.2 22.4
1884 27.54 42.61 10.14 15.02 31.71 30.57 21.67 9.93 5.72 1.39 2.18 0.46 13.6 22.2
1885 28.44 40.25 10.19 16.15 30.02 33.53 23.55 9.17 5.33 0.69 2.47 0.21 12.7 20.2
1886 26.63 39.93 11.20 14.52 31.19 36.64 22.81 8.06 5.63 0.85 2.54 —[104] 11.6 18.7
1887 26.51 37.49 12.49 14.31 33.89 38.90 21.04 8.38 4.05 0.92 2.02 — 10.7 17.0
1888 24.90 32.29 14.05 12.92 32.50 42.43 22.50 10.77 4.18 1.59 2.17 — 10.6 16.2
1889 22.50 35.13 14.18 27.22 30.06 27.78 24.99 7.70 5.80 2.17 2.47 — 9.8 15.2
1890 20.12 34.94 14.19 26.34 30.76 29.71 25.97 6.47 6.34 2.54 2.52 — 8.8 13.6
1891 20.05 33.32 12.79 22.44 31.14 33.39 26.52 8.37 6.57 2.06 2.93 0.42 8.4 12.6
1892 20.38 33.80 13.24 24.89 28.29 30.60 28.30 7.34 6.33 2.64 3.46 0.73 8.1 12.1
1893 22.08 29.78 11.19 24.75 28.03 32.75 27.33 9.22 7.51 2.82 3.86 0.68 — —
1894 20.89 31.14 13.15 22.57 27.64 35.86 27.84 7.42 6.70 2.47 3.78 0.54 6.8 10.4
1895 20.50 30.43 13.80 18.82 26.66 38.39 30.15 9.80 6.41 2.32 2.48 0.24 — —
1896 20.91 28.58 11.97 17.09 31.00 38.70 23.78 12.04 10.40 3.22 1.94 0.37 — —
1897 21.09 28.57 10.59 15.67 27.77 40.48 30.40 12.10 8.15 2.48 2.00 0.69 — —
1898 23.70 31.65 9.11 8.70 31.05 46.67 27.77 8.69 6.81 3.65 1.56 0.69 4.5 7.2

[[429]]