| Out of 100 Convicted there were | ||||||
| 1903. | 1904. | 1905. | ||||
| Men. | Women. | Men. | Women. | Men. | Women. | |
| Without elementary instruction | 7.57 | 24.70 | 6.61 | 18.26 | 6.36 | 13.33 |
| With elementary instruction | 91.43 | 74.71 | 92.20 | 80.62 | 92.50 | 85.34 |
| With,, secondary education | 0.74 | 0.33 | 0.84 | 0.22 | 0.80 | 0.47 |
| With,, higher education | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.00 |
| Unknown | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.90 | 0.23 | 0.86 |
| Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
The following figures give an estimate with regard to some specified crimes:[114]
Netherlands, 1901.
| Crimes. | To 100 Convicts Unable to Read or Write. |
| Marauding | 16.6 |
| Vagrancy | 10.0 |
| Simple theft | 9.9 |
| Malicious mischief, etc. | 9.4 |
| Aggravated theft | 9.1 |
| All crimes | 8.6 |
| Assaults | 7.9 |
| Domiciliary trespass | 7.5 |
| Receiving stolen goods | 7.4 |
| Defamation and kindred offenses | 6.9 |
| Offenses against public decency | 6.5 |
| Embezzlement | 5.8 |
| Rebellion | 5.7 |
| Rape and other sexual crimes | 4.3 |
| Obtaining money under false pretenses | 1.7 |
Prussia, 1894–1897.[115]
| Out of 18,049 Recidivists in Prussian Prisons. | To the 100 Recruits. | ||||
| Without Education. | Very Little Education. | Primary Education. | Higher Education. | Without Primary Education. | |
| Number | 1,491 | 8,589 | 7,782 | 187 | |
| Percentage | 8.3 | 47.6 | 43.1 | 1.0 | 0.23 |
[[433]]
Switzerland, 1892–1896.[116]
| Education | Men. | Women. | ||
| Number. | % | Number. | % | |
| Illiterate | 352 | 3 | 82 | 5 |
| Primary education | 8,665 | 87 | 1,580 | 92 |
| Secondary and higher education | 856 | 9 | 45 | 2 |
| Unknown | 109 | 1 | 15 | 1 |
| Total | 9,982 | 100 | 1,722 | 100 |
The figures for those who have had a primary education are divided up as follows:[117]