Year.To Each 100 Prisoners.
Parents Alcoholic.Character of Home Environment.Length of Stay at Home.
Plainly.Probably.Positively Bad.Fair.Good.Left Home.
Before 10.Between 10 and 14.Soon after the Age of 14.
1881 33.8 18.0 47.7 44.0 8.3 5.4 7.6 22.5
1882 35.1 16.0 48.1 41.1 10.8 5.0 7.3 22.7
1883 35.6 14.1 49.3 39.1 11.6 5.2 7.0 23.6
1884 35.9 13.3 50.0 39.2 10.8 4.4 6.8 25.0
1885 36.4 12.8 50.6 38.9 10.5 4.9 6.8 25.5
1886 37.5 12.0 52.4 37.4 10.2 4.6 6.4 25.5
1888 38.4 10.9 52.1 38.9 9.0 5.2 6.3 29.5
1889 38.7 11.1 51.8 39.9 8.3 5.2 6.2 30.8
1890 38.4 11.4 52.0 40.4 7.6 4.7 5.8 29.5
1891 38.4 13.0 52.6 39.8 7.6 4.5 5.9 30.7
1892 38.3 13.1 54.1 38.3 7.6 4.1 5.8 32.0
1893 37.8 12.7 50.3 40.0 9.7 3.8 6.1 32.6
1894 37.5 12.1 49.0 40.6 10.4 3.8 6.1 31.8
1896 37.5 11.3 47.0 41.3 11.7 3.6 6.7 33.0
1897 37.6 51.7? 46.7 41.1 12.2 3.7 6.3 34.2

In round numbers then: 50% of the criminals come from a corrupt environment, and only 10% from a good environment; 40% had left home before the age of 15; and further, 40 to 45% had alcoholic parents.[254]

Norway, 1897–1900.[255]

The following figures deal with illegitimacy of birth among the prisoners in Norway.

Years.Persons of Illegitimate Birth to 100 Prisoners of Each Category.
Men.Women.Total.
1897–1898 12.7 14.7 13.0
1898–1899 11.8 17.2 12.6
1899–1900 12.0

[[501]]

During the years 1887–1891, out of 100 living births 7.33 were illegitimate,[256] while the mortality of natural children in the first year was 15.3% and that of children in general 9.5%.[257] Persons of illegitimate birth formed a much greater proportion of the prisoners than of the population in general.

Prussia, 1891–1900.[258]

To 100 Prisoners Born of Illegitimate Unions there were:
In Houses of Detention.
(1891–1900).
In Correctional Prisons.
(1896–1900).
In Institutions for Correctional Education.
(1895–1900).
Men. Women.Men. Women.Men. Women.
8.5 10.2 8.3 12.5 11.6 15.1

In the years 1887–1891 there were 7.81 illegitimate children out of each 100 living births; 35.7% of the illegitimate children died in the first year as against 20.8% of children in general (1884–1893).[259] In Prussia also, then, the influence of illegitimacy upon criminality is very marked.