Crimes.Number of Convicts for Each Crime.
1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.Average 1897–1901.
Absolute Numbers.%
Vagrancy and mendicity 2,1392,1732,2091,8731,857 2,050 16.42
Simple theft 1,6851,8301,7401,5441,758 1,711 13.71
Aggravated theft 936 919 761 8371,029 896 17.18
Receiving stolen goods 95 69 88 82 98 86 0.69
Embezzlement 320 262 295 309 269 291 2.33
Causing or being accessory to the debauch of a minor 14 6 10 14 16 12 0.10
Obtaining money under false pretenses 102 115 97 112 115 108 0.87
Extortion and blackmail 8 12 6 9 5 8 0.07
Forgery 75 72 49 64 42 60 0.48
Perjury 29 18 15 22 18 20 0.16
Fraudulent bankruptcy 14 14 12 20 12 14 0.11
Total of economic crimes 42.12
Rape and indecent assault upon adults 88 81 94 110 97 94 0.75
Rape and indecent assault upon children 13 5 13 6 18 11 0.09
Total of sexual crimes 0.84
Simple insults 356 319 330 288 291 316 2.53
Insults to officials 549 508 431 421 440 469 3.76
Malicious mischief 916 900 861 857 874 881 7.06
Arson 10 12 22 25 15 17 0.14
Rebellion, etc. 1,1881,0911,0691,1661,112 1,125 9.01
Assaults 4,2414,0204,1013,8143,715 3,978 31.87
Assaults upon officials 340 286 331 330 296 316 2.53
Homicide 16 16 12 14 19 15 0.12
Infanticide and abortion 4 3 4 4 0 3 0.02
Total of crimes of vengeance, etc. 57.04
Political crimes 3 1 1 0 0 1 0.00
General total 12,482 100.00

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These figures thus confirm in general the results of the preceding tables. The most frequent crimes are those committed out of revenge etc. and the economic crimes. The sexual crimes only reach low figures, and the political crimes are negligible.

We have placed certain crimes, like homicide and arson, in all the tables, among the crimes of vengeance, etc., although they may also be committed from an economic motive. The French and Italian criminal statistics give information upon the frequency of the motives which lead to these crimes.

France, 1881–1900.[337]

Presumable Motive of the Crimes.Percentage of the Crimes of Homicide and Arson due to Each Cause.
1881–1885.1886–1890.1891–1895.1896–1900.
Cupidity 26 28 31 26
Love, jealousy 2 2 6 3
Adultery 3 3 2 2
Concubinage, debauch 6 6 5 8
Hate, revenge 24 27 28 28
Domestic disputes 15 13 9 12
Drink-shop quarrels 2 1 1 1
Various motives 22 20 18 20

About 28% of the crimes, then, had an economic motive, about 12% had a sexual motive, and 40% were committed out of revenge.

Italy, 1880–1881.[338]

Presumable Motive of the Crimes.Percentage of Crimes of Blood due to Each Cause.
1880.1881.
Cupidity 9.2 9.98
Question of interests 4.2 8.76
Love, lawful or unlawful 7.5 8.76
Family relations and questions of honor 2.6 3.11
Defense of life 4.9 3.04
Defense,, of,, property 1.7 1.89
Domestic disputes 3.0 4.43
Anger 30.3 23.67
Hate and revenge 26.5 28.46
Cruelty 4.1 2.72
Drunkenness 3.2 4.25
Politics 0.1 0.14
Various and unknown motives 2.6 0.79

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