4. The Prussian standard, 14 thalers or 21 guldens = 1 mark fine silver (see above, p. [379]).
5. Convention standard or Austrian standard, mark fine silver = 20 gulden (see above, p. [375]).
6. The 24-gulden standard or new imperial standard of 1766 (see above, p. [377]), 1 mark fine silver = 24 guldens.
7. The 24 1⁄2, or South German standard (see above, p. [378]), 1 mark fine silver = 24 1⁄2 guldens.
8. The kronen-thaler standard, existing more or less between 1808 and 1837 in such of the states of the South as had adopted the minting of the Brabant or crown thaler-piece, 9.18 to a mark fine, and issued at 2 guldens 42 kreutzers, representing a 24 4⁄5-gulden standard. It was this system which called into being the 24 1⁄2-gulden standard, by the evolution of which it was itself completely superseded.
9. Wechselzahlung, or Wechselgeld, the bank reckoning system of Frankfort-on-the-Maine, 20 4⁄55 guldens = 13 21⁄55 thalers = 1 mark fine silver. The standard was, therefore, 4⁄11 lighter than the 20-gulden or convention standard.
10. The Augsburg girogeld, a system which existed till 1st July 1845, and in which the exchange with Amsterdam and Hamburg was expressed. Mark of fine silver = 15 95⁄127 gulden giro (100 gulden giro = 127 gulden of the convention standard). This system was displaced by the introduction of the 24 1⁄2-gulden standard.
11. The Lübeck courant (or Hamburg courant, as described above), the mark of fine silver = 11 1⁄3 thaler, or 34 marks.
12. Hamburg banco, the system of reckoning of the Hamburg Bank. From 1790 the bank reckoned the mark of fine silver = 9 5⁄24 thaler-banco, or 27 5⁄8 mark-banco. The issue rate was, however, 9 1⁄4 thaler, or 27 3⁄4 mark-banco, the slight premium simply covering the expenses of the bank. In 1846 this difference was abolished, the mark of fine silver both for receipt and disbursement being reckoned at 27 3⁄4 marks (27 marks 12 schillings). The Hamburg banco was, therefore, appreciated above the Hamburg courant by a matter of 22.5225 per cent.