TABLE OF THE GOLD GULDEN AND DUCAT—continued.

From 1559 the Tale and Standard remained legally unaltered; the only variations being thenceforward in equivalence or tariff, thus—

Fair of 1585Set the Rhenish gold gulden and Philipps thaler at 82 kr.
1596Imperial Commissioners at Frankfort set the gold gulden at 80 kr.
About 1600Gulden of 1551, of 72 kr., set at 94 kr.
Gulden of 1559, of 60 kr., set at 79 kr.
1602, April 10Brandenburg ducat set at 2 fl.
Philipps thaler and Reichs gold gulden set at 20 batzen.
Franconiaducat, 67 to Cologne mark, 23 carats 8 grs.
1601 and 1602Bavaria
Swabia
1604Ibid. (Münz Probations Tag), gold gulden, 72 to Cologne mark, 18 carats 6 grs. fine.
1623, July 31Mint Edict of John George, Duke of Saxony, Rhenish gold gulden set at 1 gulden 6 good groschen.
1623Higher Circles gold gulden = 1 fl. 44 kr.
"Higher Circles ducat= 2 fl. 20 kr.
"August 23Würtemberg gold gulden= 1 fl. 44 kr.
""Würtemberg gold ducat= 2 fl. 20 kr.
"" 29Archduke Leopold of Austria set the gold gulden at 1 fl. 52 kr.
""Archduke Leopold of Austria set the ducat2 fl. 30 kr.
"October 19Strasburg gold gulden = 1 fl. 52 kr.
""Strasburg ducat = 2 fl. 30 kr.
"Electoral Saxony, Philipps or gold gulden = 30 groschen.
"Electoral Saxony, ducat = 36 groschen.
"Brandenburg gold gulden = 27 groschen.
"Brandenburg ducat = 38 groschen.
"October 23Frankfort gold gulden = 1 fl. 44 kr.
""Frankfort ducat = 2 fl. 24 kr.
"Lower Saxony gold gulden = 26 2⁄3 groschen (= 1 fl. 40 kr.).
1624Three Circles (Franconia, Bavaria, Swabia)
gold gulden = 1 fl. 50 kr.
"ducat = 2 fl. 30 kr.
1637gold gulden tolerated at 2 fl.
"ducat gulden tolerated at 3fl.
(But to be reduced respectively to 1 1⁄2 fl. and 2 fl. 24 kr.)
1659Three Circles gold gulden = 2 fl. 10 kr.
"Three Circles ducat = 3 fl.
1665Three Circles (Franconia, Bavaria, Swabia) ducat = 3 fl.
1669Three Circles ducat = 3 fl.
"Three Circles gold gulden = 2 fl. 20 kr.
1690In consequence of Leipzig standard, gold gulden = 2 fl. 56 kr.
"In consequence of Leipzig standard, ducat = 4 fl.
1695Austrian ducat = 4 fl.
1736Austrian gold gulden = 3 fl.
1738Austrian ducat = 4 fl. (but circulating at 4 fl. 15 kr.).
1748Austrian ducat = 4 fl. 10 kr.
1751, May 2Austrian Imperial ducat = 4 fl. 10 kr.
""Austrian Kremnitz ducat = 4 fl. 1 2kr.
""Austrian Other ducat = 4 fl. 7 1⁄2 kr.
1771, March 23,Austria (Imperial Patent) Kremnitz ducat = 4 gulden 18 kr.
""Imperial, Bavaria, Salzburg ducat = 4 gulden 16 kr.
""Holland and others ducat = 4 gulden 14 kr.
1783, Sept. 1,Kremnitz ducat and zecchini = 4 gulden 22 kr.
""Imperial ducat = 4 gulden 20 kr.
""Holland ducat = 4 gulden 18 kr.
1786, Jan. 12,Imperial ducat = 4 gulden 30 kr.
""Kremnitz Bavarian Salzburg ducat = 4 gulden 20 kr.
""Holland ducat = 4 gulden 18 kr.
(This equivalence of 4 fl. 30 kr. remained till the Vienna Convention (at 67 to the Koln mark, 23 2⁄3 fine = 4 1⁄2 gulden, ratio = 1:15 102⁄355 (15.2873)), the ratio prescribed by the Edict of the Emperor Joseph II., of 12th January 1786.)
1756Souverain, or souverain d'or (originally Netherlands), minted in Vienna Mint, 22 carat 3⁄4 gr., 42.091 to mark gross (45.874 fine) = 6 gulden 11 kr. 1 pf.
1786, Jan. 12,Souverain, or souverain d'or = 6 gulden, 40 kr. (makes a ratio of 15.2923).
1750Prussian Friedrichs d'or, 35 to mark, 21 3⁄4 carat fine (= 261 grs. of fine gold to the piece).
1770Prussian Friedrichs d'or, 35 to mark, 21 2⁄3 carat fine (= 260 grs. fine gold to the piece).
(Confirmed by law of 30th Sept. 1821.)
1857Vienna Convention trade money (see p. [210]).
187110-mark piece, 139 1⁄2 to the German pound, .900 fine.

TABLE OF THE THALER.

1555, Brunswick, Luneberg, Hanover, etc.—Thaler = 32 Marien groschen = 24 silver groschen.

1558, Saxony Mint Ordinance (renewing previous ordinances in spite of the

Imperial Ordinance)—Thaler or gulden thaler, 14 loth 8 grs. fine, 8 to mark (= 8 56⁄65 to mark fine) = to 24 groschen: mark fine therefore equal to 10 fl. 38 kr.

1559, Imperial Ordinance—forbidden.

1566, Reichstag of Augsburg—again authorised; 14 loth 4 grs., 8 to the mark fine; equal 72 kr.; mark fine therefore = 9 thalers 68 kr. (10 fl. 12 kr.).

1585, Frankfort Fair—Philipps thaler = 82 kr.