[40] All opium vessels carried Shroffs.

[41] The Chinese character which represents 'day' is literally 'sun.'

[42] When a Chinese takes leave, he says, 'Kaou-tsze' ('I inform you of taking leave').

[43] The 'Colonel Young' belonged to Jardine, Matheson, & Co., as well as the 'Fairy.'

[44] The 'Harriet' belonged to Jardine, Matheson, & Co.

[45] Literally 'great wind,' not those destructive storms which occur but once in three or four years, unroof houses and tear ships to pieces; they are called Teĕt-kuy, 'iron whirlwinds.'

[46] Country ships and coasters carried Manila men—Portuguese of Bombay or Macao—as helmsmen; they hove the lead, &c., and were called 'Sea-cunnies.'

[47] Strangling is by means of a wooden cross driven into the ground to which the prisoner's neck and outstretched arms are secured. A more ghastly and ignominious death than beheading.

[48] Called the Praya Grande, temporarily destroyed by the taiphoon of 1875.

[49] The Fragrant Hill.