1887–88, amount to 47,868,750 bags; and prices advance 1,485 points during 1886–87.
1887—Beeston Tupholme, London, is granted a patent in England on a direct-flame gas coffee roaster.
1887—Coffee cultivation is introduced into Tonkin, Indo-China.
1887—Coffee exchanges are opened in Amsterdam and Hamburg.
1888—Evaristo Conrado Engelberg, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, is granted a United States patent on a coffee-hulling machine (invented in 1885); and the same year, the Engelberg Huller Co., Syracuse, N.Y., is organized for the purpose of manufacturing and selling Engelberg machines.
1888—Karel F. Henneman, the Hague, Netherlands, is granted a patent in Spain on a direct-flame gas coffee roaster.
1888—A French patent is granted to Postulart on a gas roaster.
1889—David Fraser, who came to the United States in 1886 from Glasgow, Scotland, establishes the Hungerford Co., succeeding to the business of the Hungerfords.
1889—The Arcade Manufacturing Co., Freeport, Ill., brings out the first "pound" coffee mill.
1889—Karel F. Henneman, the Hague, Netherlands, is granted patents in Belgium, France, and England, on his direct-flame gas coffee roaster.