viii. EYES (oculi).
1. Simple (Simplices). Eyes which do not consist of an aggregate of hexagonal lenses.—Ex. Araneidæ, Scorpio, Phalangium. Plate [VII]. Fig. 9. h.
a. Scattered (Sparsi). When simple eyes are separate from each other and not arranged in a certain order.—Ex. Eyes of Caterpillars, and some Scolopendræ.
b. Ordinate (Ordinati). When simple eyes are arranged in a certain order.—Ex. Araneidea. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 37.
c. Conglomerate (Conglomerati). When a number of simple eyes are collected together so as to exhibit the appearance of a compound one.—Ex. Iulus. Plate [XIII]. Fig. 11.
d. Dorsal (Dorsales). When they are placed on the back.—Ex. Phalangium. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 43. h.
2. Compound (Compositi). Eyes which consist of an aggregate of hexagonal lenses.—Ex. All the Winged Orders. Plate [XIII]. Fig. 10. and [XXVI]. Fig. 38-42. h.
a. Sessile (Sessiles). Eyes that do not sit upon a footstalk.—Ex. Most insects. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 40, 41.
α. Superior (Superiores). When they are placed in the upper part of the head.—Ex. Libellulina.
β. Lateral (Laterales). When they are placed in the side of the head.—Ex. Apis.
γ. Inferior (Inferiores). When they are placed in the lower side of the head.—Ex. The lower pair in Gyrinus.
δ. Posterior (Posteriores). When placed in the posterior part of the head.—Ex. Locusta.
ε. Anterior (Anteriores). When placed in the anterior part of the head.—Ex. Crabro, Goerius olens, &c.
ζ. Medial (Medii). When placed in the middle part of the head.—Ex. Harpalus, &c.
η. Belting (Cingentes). When the eyes nearly meet both above and below the head, so as to form a kind of belt round it.—Ex. Culex pipiens, Cordylia Palmarum.
θ. Immersed (Immersi). When they are quite imbedded in the head.—Ex. The Melasoma or Darkling beetles.
ι. Prominent (Prominuli). When they stand out from the head.—Ex. Cicindela.
b. Columnar (Columnares). When they sit upon a short footstalk or pillar.—Ex. Strepsiptera, Ephemera ♂. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 38, 39. h.
c. Pedunculate (Pedunculati). When they sit upon a long footstalk which also bears the antennæ.—Ex. Diopsis. Plate [XIII]. Fig. 9.
d. Operculate (Operculati). When the eyes are covered by an operculum.—Ex. Xylina conspicillaris[1099].
e. Ciliate (Ciliati). When the margin of the socket of the eye is fringed with hairs, so as to resemble an eyelash.—Ex. Apion vernale and Malvarum.
ix. STEMMATA.
1. Vertical (Verticalia). When they are placed in the Vertex.—Ex. Reduvius personatus. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 40. i.
2. Frontal (Frontalia). When placed in the Frons.—Ex. Hymenoptera. Plate [VII]. Fig. 2. i.
3. Intraocular (Intraocularia). When placed in the space between the eyes.—Ex. Cercopis, Ledra, &c. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 42. i.
4. Subocular (Subocularia). When placed in the space below the eyes.—Ex. Fulgora laternaria. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 41. i.
5. Spurious (Spuria). A flat subdiaphanous space above the base of the antennæ, which seems to represent them.—Ex. Blatta, Gryllus.
x. ANTENNÆ.
a. number.
1. Dicerous (Dicera). Insects that have two antennæ.—Ex. Insects in general.
2. Acerous (Acera). Insects that have no antennæ.—Ex. The Acarina, &c.
b. situation.
1. Preocular (Præoculares). When antennæ are inserted before the eyes.—Ex. Chrysis.
2. Interocular (Interoculares). When inserted any where between the eyes.—Ex. Leptura, Haliplus.
3. Inocular (Inoculares). When inserted in the Canthus of the eyes.—Ex. The Capricorn beetles.
4. Subocular (Suboculares). When inserted under the eyes.—Ex. Fulgora, Nepa. Plate [XXVI]. Fig. 41. k.
5. Extraocular (Extraoculares). When inserted without the eyes.—Ex. Notonecta, Delphax.
6. Rostral (Rostrales). When seated on a rostrum.—Ex. The Rhyncophorous beetles.
7. Superior (Superiores). When inserted in the upper surface of the head.—Ex. Most insects.
8. Inferior (Inferiores). When inserted under the head.—Ex. Copris, &c.
c. approximation.